The immune system as a novel regulator of sex differences in brain and behavioral development.
The immune system as a novel regulator of sex differences in brain and behavioral development.
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DOI：
10.1002/jnr.23821
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发表时间：
2017-01-02
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Lenz KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelson LH;Lenz KM
大脑的性别分化发生在生命的早期，这是性典型激素作用和性染色体效应的结果。免疫活性细胞被认为是大脑和行为发育中性别差异的未被充分认识的调节剂，包括小胶质细胞，星形胶质细胞和可能其他研究较少的细胞类型，包括T细胞和肥大细胞。大脑中的免疫活性细胞对类固醇激素有反应，但它们在性别特异性大脑发育中的作用是一个新兴的感兴趣领域。本文综述了目前已知的关于发育中大脑中免疫细胞的数量，形态和信号特征的性别差异，以及它们在大脑和行为性别差异的早期生命编程中的作用。我们回顾了目前已知的关于对早期生活扰动的反应的性别差异，包括压力，炎症，饮食和环境污染物。我们还讨论了如何以及为什么了解性别差异在发展中的神经免疫环境可能有助于深入了解几种神经发育障碍的病因。本文还强调了在发育神经免疫学这一新兴领域仍有待发现的内容，并强调了填补这些知识空白的重要性。
Sexual differentiation of the brain occurs early in life as a result of sex-typical hormone action and sex chromosome effects. Immunocompetent cells are being recognized as under-appreciated regulators of sex differences in brain and behavioral development, including microglia, astrocytes, and possibly other less studied cell types, including T cells and mast cells. Immunocompetent cells in the brain are responsive to steroid hormones, but their role in sex specific brain development is an emerging field of interest. This article reviews what is currently known about sex differences in the number, morphology, and signaling profile of immune cells in the developing brain, and their role in the early life programming of sex differences in brain and behavior. We review what is currently known about sex differences in the response to early life perturbations, including stress, inflammation, diet, and environmental pollutants. We also discuss how and why understanding sex differences in the developing neuroimmune environment may lend insight into understanding the etiology of several neurodevelopmental disorders. The article also highlights what remains to be discovered in this emerging field of developmental neuroimmunology and underscores the importance of filling in these knowledge gaps.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Bulloch, Karen;Miller, Melinda M.;McEwen, Bruce S.
通讯作者：
McEwen, Bruce S.
影响因子：
15.1
作者：
Bland, Sondra T.;Beckley, Jacob T.;Bilbo, Staci D.
通讯作者：
Bilbo, Staci D.
DOI：
10.1038/nri2782
发表时间：
2010-06
期刊：
Nature reviews. Immunology
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Arnold, Arthur P.;Chen, Xuqi
通讯作者：
Chen, Xuqi