Diverse mechanisms regulate sporulation sigma factor activity in the Firmicutes.

Diverse mechanisms regulate sporulation sigma factor activity in the Firmicutes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.mib.2015.01.006
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发表时间:
2015-04
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Shen A
Shen A
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fimlaid KA;Shen A

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孢子形成允许细菌在不利条件下生存,并且对一些专性厌氧菌的生命周期至关重要。在枯草芽孢杆菌中,孢子形成特异性σ因子σF、σE、σG和σK激活驱动孢子形成通过其形态学阶段的区室特异性转录程序。预测这些σ因子的调节在厚壁菌门中是保守的,因为控制其活化的调节蛋白在很大程度上是保守的。然而,最近在(消化)艰难梭菌、丙酮丁醇梭菌、产气荚膜梭菌和肉毒梭菌中的研究揭示了孢子形成σ因子的顺序、活化和功能的显著差异。这些研究表明,基因保守性并不一定预测基因功能,控制细胞命运决定的新机制仍有待于在厌氧梭菌中发现。
Sporulation allows bacteria to survive adverse conditions and is essential to the lifecycle of some obligate anaerobes. In Bacillus subtilis, the sporulation-specific sigma factors, σF, σE, σG, and σK, activate compartment-specific transcriptional programs that drive sporulation through its morphological stages. The regulation of these sigma factors was predicted to be conserved across the Firmicutes, since the regulatory proteins controlling their activation are largely conserved. However, recent studies in (Pepto)clostridium difficile, Clostridium acetobutylicum, Clostridium perfringens, and Clostridium botulinum have revealed striking differences in the order, activation, and function of sporulation sigma factors. These studies indicate that gene conservation does not necessarily predict gene function and that new mechanisms for controlling cell fate determination remain to be discovered in the anaerobic Clostridia.
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