How does long-term odor deprivation affect the olfactory capacity of adult mice?
How does long-term odor deprivation affect the olfactory capacity of adult mice?
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DOI：
10.1186/1744-9081-6-26
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发表时间：
2010-05-25
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Coppola DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Angely CJ;Coppola DM
单侧鼻孔闭塞(UNO)是嗅觉可塑性研究中最常见的刺激剥夺方法。然而，尽管早在19世纪就有大量关于这种操纵的影响的语料，但人们对其行为后遗症知之甚少。在这里，我们报告了对成年小鼠进行标准嗅觉习惯化和辨别研究的结果，这些小鼠在围产期接受了UNO手术，然后进行了成年对侧嗅球切除术(BLOB-X)。UNO小鼠的嗅觉表现与单侧球状X但鼻孔开放的匹配对照组进行了比较。习惯化和辨别(操作员)实验都采用了一种方案，即在成功地使小鼠脱离习服或区分稀释个别气味(A=0.01%乙酸异戊酯；B=0.01%丁酸乙酯；每个v/v在矿物油中)后，对小鼠进行单一气味与混合气味的比较(A与A+B)。在一系列测试中，气味B在混合物中的体积比例被系统地降低，直到达到去适应或辨别阈值。在习惯化实验中，UNOS组(n=10)和对照组(n=9)在单独习惯A后，对10%的臭味B混合物不再习服，而对A中2%的B混合物，两组都没有表现出差异反应，但UNO组对2%混合物的调查时间增加接近显著(p<；0.06)。重复这项研究(7个对照和8个UNOS)证实，对照没有区分臭味A和A中2%的B的混合物，但UNOS没有(p<；0.05)。在辨别实验中，4个UNOS和4个对照组被设计成在两个装有S+气味(臭味B)的沙子中的一个容器中挖掘，以获得糖丸奖励。在习惯化实验中，UNOS在这项任务中表现出比对照组更强的嗅觉能力。对照组和UNOS的平均混合辨别阈值分别为1.6%(±0.4)和0.22%(±0.102)，差异有统计学意义(p<；0.02)。成年小鼠依靠嗅觉系统，从出生时起就被鼻孔堵塞而失去了气味，与对照组相比，显示出更强的嗅觉能力。这一违反直觉的结果表明，UNO既不是一种绝对的剥夺方法，也不会削弱嗅觉能力。在本研究中观察到，嗅觉能力的增强是剥夺的结果，这与最近的分子和生理证据一致，即刺激剥夺触发了整个嗅觉系统的代偿过程。
Unilateral naris occlusion (UNO) has been the most common method of effecting stimulus deprivation in studies of olfactory plasticity. However, despite the large corpus on the effects of this manipulation, dating back to the 19th century, little is known about its behavioral sequela. Here we report the results of standard olfactory habituation and discrimination studies on adult mice that had undergone perinatal UNO followed by adult contralateral olfactory bulbectomy (bulb-x). The olfactory performance of UNO mice was compared to matched controls that had unilateral bulb-x but open nares. Both habituation and discrimination (operant) experiments employed a protocol in which after successful dishabituation or discrimination to dilute individual odors (A = 0.01% isoamyl acetate; B = 0.01% ethyl butyrate; each v/v in mineral oil), mice were challenged with a single odor versus a mixture comparison (A vs. A + B). In a series of tests the volume portion of Odor B in the mixture was systematically decreased until dishabituation or discrimination thresholds were reached. For the habituation experiment, UNOs (n = 10) and controls (n = 9) dishabituated to a 10% mixture of Odor B in Odor A after being habituated to A alone, while both groups failed to show differential responding to a 2% mixture of B in A. However, the UNO group's increased investigation durations for the 2% mixture approached significance (p < 0.06). A replication of this study (7 controls & 8 UNOs) confirmed that controls did not differentiate Odor A and a 2% mixture of B in A but UNOs did not (p < 0.05). For the discrimination experiment, 4 UNOs and 4 controls were shaped to dig in one of two containers of sand that contained the S+ odor (Odor B) to obtain sugar pellet rewards. As in the habituation experiment, UNOs displayed greater olfactory capacity than controls on this task. Controls and UNOs had an average mixture discrimination threshold of 1.6% (± 0.4) and 0.22% (± 0.102) respectively, a difference that was statistically significant (p < 0.02). Adult mice relying on an olfactory system deprived of odor by naris occlusion from near the time of birth display enhanced olfactory capacity compared to control mice. This counterintuitive result suggests that UNO is neither an absolute method of deprivation nor does it diminish olfactory capabilities. Enhanced olfactory capacity, as observed in the current study, that is a consequence of deprivation, is consistent with recent molecular and physiological evidence that stimulus deprivation triggers compensatory processes throughout the olfactory system.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
BRUNJES, PC
通讯作者：
BRUNJES, PC
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Rochefort, C;Gheusi, G;Lledo, PM
通讯作者：
Lledo, PM
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.94.13.7109
发表时间：
1997-06-24
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Dusek, JA;Eichenbaum, H
通讯作者：
Eichenbaum, H
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Marks, Carolyn A.;Cheng, Kai;Belluscio, Leonardo
通讯作者：
Belluscio, Leonardo
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
COPPOLA, DM;COLTRANE, JA;ARSOV, I
通讯作者：
ARSOV, I