One bad apple spoils the whole bushel: The neural basis of outlier processing.
One bad apple spoils the whole bushel: The neural basis of outlier processing.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116629
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Xu Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cant JS;Xu Y
我们的视觉系统中的异常值是如何忽略的，因为它们是少数群体吗？ （重叠场景选择性的parahampocampal区域； PPA）。在整个后大脑区域中，人类大脑区域以及视觉表示，我们提出了一个均匀的合奏，然后是一个包含相同元素或大多数相同元素的合奏，与几个异常值忽略了异常值。在PPA中的两个合奏之间的不同法官。尽管第二个合奏中的大多数元素与第一个元素不同。第二个合奏与第一个合奏相同。这些大脑区域可能会在视觉感知期间加重异常值，然后在随后的行为决策中加权异常值。在人脑中有系统地记录了这种异常效应整个蒲式耳”。
How are outliers in an otherwise homogeneous object ensemble represented by our visual system? Are outliers ignored because they are the minority? Or do outliers alter our perception of an otherwise homogeneous ensemble? We have previously demonstrated ensemble representation in human anterior-medial ventral visual cortex (overlapping the scene-selective parahippocampal place area; PPA). In this study we investigated how outliers impact object-ensemble representation in this human brain region as well as visual representation throughout posterior brain regions. We presented a homogeneous ensemble followed by an ensemble containing either identical elements or a majority of identical elements with a few outliers. Human participants ignored the outliers and made a same/different judgment between the two ensembles. In PPA, fMRI adaptation was observed when the outliers in the second ensemble matched the items in the first, even though the majority of the elements in the second ensemble were distinct from those in the first; conversely, release from fMRI adaptation was observed when the outliers in the second ensemble were distinct from the items in the first, even though the majority of the elements in the second ensemble were identical to those in the first. A similarly robust outlier effect was also found in other brain regions, including a shape-processing region in lateral occipital cortex (LO) and task-processing fronto-parietal regions. These brain regions likely work in concert to flag the presence of outliers during visual perception and then weigh the outliers appropriately in subsequent behavioral decisions. To our knowledge, this is the first time the neural mechanisms involved in outlier processing have been systematically documented in the human brain. Such an outlier effect could well provide the neural basis mediating our perceptual experience in situations like “one bad apple spoils the whole bushel”.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0504136102
发表时间：
2005-07-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fox, MD;Snyder, AZ;Raichle, ME
通讯作者：
Raichle, ME
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Cant, Jonathan S.;Xu, Yaoda
通讯作者：
Xu, Yaoda
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Balas B;Nakano L;Rosenholtz R
通讯作者：
Rosenholtz R
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Cant, Jonathan S.;Goodale, Melvyn A.
通讯作者：
Goodale, Melvyn A.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Epstein, R;Kanwisher, N
通讯作者：
Kanwisher, N