The effect of five smoking cessation pharmacotherapies on smoking cessation milestones.
The effect of five smoking cessation pharmacotherapies on smoking cessation milestones.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0022154
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Baker, Timothy B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Japuntich, Sandra J.;Piper, Megan E.;Leventhal, Adam M.;Bolt, Daniel M.;Baker, Timothy B.
大多数戒烟研究使用长期戒烟作为主要结果衡量标准。最近的研究表明，长期戒烟可能是重要的戒烟机制的一个不敏感的指标。本研究的目的是通过研究戒烟药物对戒烟或戒烟“里程碑”的三个过程标记物的影响，来评估五种戒烟药物疗法的效果。这三个过程标记物是：首次戒烟、逐渐戒烟和复发-复发转变。目前的研究(N=1504，女性58%，高加索人84%)考察了5种戒烟药物治疗与安慰剂(安非他酮、尼古丁含片、尼古丁贴片、安非他酮+含片、贴片+含片)对Shiffman等人戒烟8周后的戒烟里程碑的影响。结果表明，所有五种药物条件都降低了初次戒断的失败率，大多数(尼古丁含片除外)降低了戒烟风险，但只有尼古丁贴片和安非他酮+含片条件影响了错误-复发的转变。这些发现表明，药物在帮助最初的戒断和降低戒酒风险方面是有效的，但通常并不能降低戒酒后的复发风险。对戒烟里程碑的分析揭示了长期戒烟的重要障碍，提出了戒烟药物疗法的潜在作用机制，并确定了未来治疗发展的目标。
Most smoking cessation studies use long-term abstinence as their primary outcome measure. Recent research suggests that long-term abstinence may be an insensitive index of important smoking cessation mechanisms. The goal of the current study is to examine the effects of five smoking cessation pharmacotherapies using approach of examining the effect of smoking cessation medications on three process markers of cessation or smoking cessation “milestones”: initial abstinence, lapse, and the lapse-relapse transition. The current study (N = 1504, 58% female, 84% Caucasian) examines the effect of five smoking cessation pharmacotherapy treatments vs. placebo (bupropion, nicotine lozenge, nicotine patch, bupropion + lozenge, patch + lozenge) on Shiffman et al.'s smoking cessation milestones over 8 weeks following a quit attempt. Results show that all five medication conditions decreased rates of failure to achieve initial abstinence and most (with the exception of the nicotine lozenge) decreased lapse risk, however only the nicotine patch and bupropion + lozenge conditions affected the lapse-relapse transition. These findings demonstrate that medications are effective at aiding initial abstinence and decreasing lapse risk, but generally do not decrease relapse risk following a lapse. The analysis of cessation milestones sheds light on important impediments to long-term smoking abstinence, suggests potential mechanisms of action of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies, and identifies targets for future treatment development.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Piper, Megan E.;Smith, Stevens S.;Baker, Timothy B.
通讯作者：
Baker, Timothy B.
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
HUGHES, JR;GUST, SW;HEALEY, ML
通讯作者：
HEALEY, ML
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Shiffman, S;Scharf, DA;Clark, DB
通讯作者：
Clark, DB
影响因子：
--
作者：
Smith, Stevens S.;McCarthy, Danielle E.;Jackson, Thomas C.
通讯作者：
Jackson, Thomas C.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Conklin, CA
通讯作者：
Conklin, CA