Methods to disinfect and decontaminate SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review of in vitro studies.
Methods to disinfect and decontaminate SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review of in vitro studies.
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DOI：
10.1177/2049936121998548
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Mallen CD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kwok CS;Dashti M;Tafuro J;Nasiri M;Muntean EA;Wong N;Kemp T;Hills G;Mallen CD
清洁是控制感染爆发的主要组成部分。然而，对于SARS-CoV-2大流行，关于应该使用的适当消毒方法的具体指导有限。我们对预防SARS-CoV-2的清洁、消毒或去污方法的文献进行了系统综述。共纳入27项研究，报告了评估干预措施有效性的各种方法。将病毒接种到不同类型的材料上，包括口罩、鼻咽拭子、血清、实验室平板和模拟唾液、泪液或鼻液，然后进行干预，试图消除病毒，包括化学、紫外线（UV）照射、热和湿度。有证据表明，在体温（37°C）下，2天后将无法检测到病毒，但在56°C下30分钟、65°C下15分钟和98°C下2分钟时，病毒可降至无法检测。测试紫外线的不同实验方法表明，它可以消灭病毒。使用了254-365 nm的光，包括模拟日光。许多化学试剂，包括漂白剂、洗手液、洗手液、肥皂、乙醇、异丙醇、硫氰酸胍/叔辛基苯氧基聚乙氧基乙醇、甲醛、聚维酮碘、0.05%氯己定、0.1%苯扎氯铵、酸性电解水、Clyraguard铜碘络合物和过氧化氢蒸汽，已被证明可消毒SARS-CoV-2。加热，紫外线照射和化学品可用于SARS-CoV-2，但没有足够的证据支持在临床实践中使用一种措施。
Cleaning is a major control component for outbreaks of infection. However, for the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there is limited specific guidance regarding the proper disinfection methods that should be used. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on cleaning, disinfection or decontamination methods in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2. A total of 27 studies were included, reporting a variety of methods with which the effectiveness of interventions were assessed. Virus was inoculated onto different types of material including masks, nasopharyngeal swabs, serum, laboratory plates and simulated saliva, tears or nasal fluid and then interventions were applied in an attempt to eliminate the virus including chemical, ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation, and heat and humidity. At body temperature (37°C) there is evidence that the virus will not be detectable after 2 days but this can be reduced to non-detection at 30 min at 56°C, 15 min at 65°C and 2 min at 98°C. Different experimental methods testing UV light have shown that it can inactivate the virus. Light of 254–365 nm has been used, including simulated sunlight. Many chemical agents including bleach, hand sanitiser, hand wash, soap, ethanol, isopropanol, guandinium thiocynate/t-octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, formaldehyde, povidone-iodine, 0.05% chlorhexidine, 0.1% benzalkonium chloride, acidic electrolysed water, Clyraguard copper iodine complex and hydrogen peroxide vapour have been shown to disinfect SARS-CoV-2. Heating, UV light irradiation and chemicals can be used to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 but there is insufficient evidence to support one measure over others in clinical practice.
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