Lonely in a crowd: investigating the association between overcrowding and loneliness using smartphone technologies.
Lonely in a crowd: investigating the association between overcrowding and loneliness using smartphone technologies.
复制标题
人群中的孤独：使用智能手机技术调查过度拥挤与孤独之间的关联。
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-021-03398-2
复制
发表时间：
2021-12-20
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Mechelli A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hammoud R;Tognin S;Bakolis I;Ivanova D;Fitzpatrick N;Burgess L;Smythe M;Gibbons J;Davidson N;Mechelli A
孤独是一个主要的公共卫生问题，与社会和环境因素有关。以前的研究通常使用回顾性横断面设计来研究孤独作为一种稳定的情绪状态。然而，根据周围环境的不同，人们在一天中会经历不同程度的孤独。在本研究中，我们实时调查了孤独与社会和环境因素（即过度拥挤、人口密度、社会包容性和与自然的接触）之间的关系。使用Urban Mind智能手机应用程序从参与者收集生态瞬间评估数据。756名参与者在2018年4月至2020年3月期间完成了16602次评估，他们的数据被用于使用多层次建模来调查瞬间孤独感、社会环境（即过度拥挤、社会包容性、人口密度）和建筑环境（即与自然接触）之间的关联。过度拥挤和人口密度的增加与更高的孤独感有关；相比之下，社会包容性和与自然的接触与较低的孤独感有关。在调整了年龄、性别、种族、教育程度和职业后，这些关联仍然显著。当参与者与自然接触时，社会包容性与较低水平的孤独感之间的正相关更为明显，这表明社会环境和建筑环境对孤独感存在相互作用。孤独感的变化与社会和环境因素有关。我们的研究结果对旨在减轻社会孤独感负担的公共卫生策略和干预措施具有潜在意义。应执行具体措施，增加社会包容和与自然的接触，同时减少过度拥挤，特别是在人口稠密的城市。
Loneliness is a major public health concern with links to social and environmental factors. Previous studies have typically investigated loneliness as a stable emotional state using retrospective cross-sectional designs. Yet people experience different levels of loneliness throughout the day depending on their surrounding environment. In the present study, we investigated the associations between loneliness and social and environmental factors (i.e. overcrowding, population density, social inclusivity and contact with nature) in real-time. Ecological momentary assessment data was collected from participants using the Urban Mind smartphone application. Data from 756 participants who completed 16,602 assessments between April 2018 and March 2020 were used in order to investigate associations between momentary feeling of loneliness, the social environment (i.e. overcrowding, social inclusivity, population density) and the built environment (i.e. contact with nature) using multilevel modelling. Increased overcrowding and population density were associated with higher levels of loneliness; in contrast, social inclusivity and contact with nature were associated with lower levels of loneliness. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, education and occupation. The positive association between social inclusivity and lower levels of loneliness was more pronounced when participants were in contact with nature, indicating an interaction between the social and built environment on loneliness. The feeling of loneliness changes in relation to both social and environmental factors. Our findings have potential implications for public health strategies and interventions aimed at reducing the burden of loneliness on society. Specific measures, which would increase social inclusion and contact with nature while reducing overcrowding, should be implemented, especially in densely populated cities.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
7
作者：
Lee, Ellen E.;Depp, Colin;Jeste, Dilip, V
通讯作者：
Jeste, Dilip, V
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Luo, Ye;Hawkley, Louise C.;Waite, Linda J.;Cacioppo, John T.
通讯作者：
Cacioppo, John T.
DOI：
10.1093/jurban/jtg063
发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Evans, GW
通讯作者：
Evans, GW
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Arnberger, Arne;Eder, Renate
通讯作者：
Eder, Renate
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Beutel ME;Klein EM;Brähler E;Reiner I;Jünger C;Michal M;Wiltink J;Wild PS;Münzel T;Lackner KJ;Tibubos AN
通讯作者：
Tibubos AN