Olfactory processing in schizophrenia, non-ill first-degree family members, and young people at-risk for psychosis.
Olfactory processing in schizophrenia, non-ill first-degree family members, and young people at-risk for psychosis.
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DOI：
10.3109/15622975.2011.615862
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发表时间：
2014-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Moberg PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kamath V;Turetsky BI;Calkins ME;Kohler CG;Conroy CG;Borgmann-Winter K;Gatto DE;Gur RE;Moberg PJ
虽然精神分裂症患者在气味识别和辨别方面存在缺陷，但很少有研究考察患者和高危青少年这些缺陷的相对特异性。在精神分裂症门诊患者和未患病的一级亲属（研究一）以及处于精神分裂症临床（CR）或遗传（GR）风险的青少年（研究二）中评估了 Sniffin’ Sticks 的气味识别和辨别能力。使用人口统计匹配的成人或青少年比较组的表现对分数进行 z 变换。患者和亲属的气味识别能力受损，但气味辨别能力受损仅限于患者群体。高危青少年也出现了类似的损伤模式。 GR 青少年在气味识别方面受到损害，但在辨别方面没有受到损害，而 CR 青少年在这两项任务上都受到损害。在患者中，嗅觉障碍与阴性症状相关。据我们所知，这是第一项表明 CR 青少年在两种嗅觉任务上均受到损害的研究，正如在成年精神分裂症患者中观察到的那样。与成年人一样，GR 青少年仅在气味识别方面受到损害。这些数据表明，单独的气味识别障碍可能代表了精神分裂症易感性的遗传标记，而气味辨别缺陷可能是与精神病发展相关的生物标记。
While deficits in odor identification and discrimination have been reported in schizophrenia, few studies have examined the relative specificity of these deficits in patients and at-risk youth. Sniffin’ Sticks odor identification and discrimination were assessed in schizophrenia outpatients and non-ill first-degree relatives (Study One), as well as youth at clinical (CR) or genetic (GR) risk for schizophrenia (Study Two). Scores were z-transformed, using the performance of a demographically-matched adult or adolescent comparison group. Patients and relatives were impaired on odor identification, but odor discrimination impairment was limited to the patient group. A similar pattern of impairment emerged in at-risk youth. GR youth were impaired on odor identification but not discrimination, while CR youth were impaired on both tasks. In patients, olfactory impairment was correlated with negative symptomatology. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that CR youth are impaired on both olfactory tasks, as observed in adult schizophrenia patients. GR youth were impaired only on odor identification like their adult counterparts. These data suggest that odor identification impairment, in isolation, may represent a genetic marker of vulnerability for schizophrenia, while odor discrimination deficits may be a biomarker associated with the development of psychosis.
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DOI：
10.1080/13803391003683070
发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Hedner, Margareta;Larsson, Maria;Hummel, Thomas
通讯作者：
Hummel, Thomas
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Corcoran, C;Whitaker, A;Malaspina, D
通讯作者：
Malaspina, D
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Jefferis, GSXE;Marin, EC;Luo, LQ
通讯作者：
Luo, LQ
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
HOULIHAN, DJ;FLAUM, M;ALLIGER, R
通讯作者：
ALLIGER, R
影响因子：
11.3
作者：
Goudsmit, N;Coleman, E;Malaspina, D
通讯作者：
Malaspina, D