Dietary and sex-specific factors regulate hypothalamic neurogenesis in young adult mice.
Dietary and sex-specific factors regulate hypothalamic neurogenesis in young adult mice.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2014.00157
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Blackshaw S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee DA;Yoo S;Pak T;Salvatierra J;Velarde E;Aja S;Blackshaw S
下丘脑是一系列动态平衡和本能生理过程的中心调节器，如睡眠-觉醒周期、食物摄取和性二态行为。这些行为可以被各种环境和生理线索改变，尽管调节这些影响的分子和细胞机制仍然知之甚少。最近，人们已经清楚地看到，幼年和成年的下丘脑都表现出正在进行的神经再生，这有助于改变内环境平衡的神经回路。在这份报告中，我们分享了关于性别和饮食因素对调节下丘脑下丘脑内侧基底下丘脑神经发生的贡献的新发现，下丘脑内侧基底下丘脑是最近发现的神经源性生态位。我们报道，高脂饮食(HFD)选择性地激活年轻成年雌性而不是雄性小鼠的正中隆起(ME)的神经发生，并且用HFD喂养的小鼠集中照射ME可以减少雌性小鼠的体重增加，但不能减少雄性小鼠的体重增加。这些结果表明，高脂饮食的某些生理效应是通过刺激ME神经发生以性二态的方式进行的。我们在理解调节出生后和成人下丘脑神经发生的细胞和分子机制的最新进展的背景下讨论这些结果。
The hypothalamus is the central regulator of a broad range of homeostatic and instinctive physiological processes, such as the sleep-wake cycle, food intake, and sexually dimorphic behaviors. These behaviors can be modified by various environmental and physiological cues, although the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate these effects remain poorly understood. Recently, it has become clear that both the juvenile and adult hypothalamus exhibit ongoing neurogenesis, which serve to modify homeostatic neural circuitry. In this report, we share new findings on the contributions of sex-specific and dietary factors to regulating neurogenesis in the hypothalamic mediobasal hypothalamus, a recently identified neurogenic niche. We report that high fat diet (HFD) selectively activates neurogenesis in the median eminence (ME) of young adult female but not male mice, and that focal irradiation of the ME in HFD-fed mice reduces weight gain in females but not males. These results suggest that some physiological effects of high fat diet are mediated by the stimulation of ME neurogenesis in a sexually dimorphic manner. We discuss these results in the context of recent advances in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate neurogenesis in postnatal and adult hypothalamus.
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