Cellular senescence: friend or foe to respiratory viral infections?

Cellular senescence: friend or foe to respiratory viral infections?
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DOI:
10.1183/13993003.02708-2020
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发表时间:
2020-12
期刊:
The European respiratory journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Goldstein DR
Goldstein DR
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kelley WJ;Zemans RL;Goldstein DR

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细胞衰老永久阻止各种细胞类型的复制并导致与年龄相关的疾病。特别是,细胞衰老可能会加剧慢性肺部疾病,包括慢性阻塞性肺病和特发性肺纤维化。然而,细胞衰老在急性炎症性疾病(尤其是病毒感染)的病理生理学中所起的作用尚不清楚。有证据表明细胞衰老通过增加抗病毒细胞因子来阻止病毒复制,但其他证据表明衰老可能通过下调抗病毒信号传导来增强病毒复制。此外,细胞衰老会导致炎症介质的分泌,这可能会促进宿主防御或加剧病毒感染期间的免疫病理。在这篇展望文章中,我们总结了衰老如何影响生理和疾病、衰老在慢性肺部疾病中的作用,以及衰老如何影响急性呼吸道病毒感染。最后,我们开发了一个潜在的框架,说明衰老如何对病毒性呼吸道感染的病理生理学产生积极和消极的影响,包括由冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 引起的严重急性呼吸道综合症。衰老与纤维化肺部疾病有关。减少衰老的新兴疗法可能可以治疗慢性肺部疾病,但衰老对急性呼吸道病毒感染的影响尚不清楚,需要进一步研究。 https://bit.ly/2SAPpx6
Cellular senescence permanently arrests the replication of various cell types and contributes to age-associated diseases. In particular, cellular senescence may enhance chronic lung diseases including COPD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. However, the role cellular senescence plays in the pathophysiology of acute inflammatory diseases, especially viral infections, is less well understood. There is evidence that cellular senescence prevents viral replication by increasing antiviral cytokines, but other evidence shows that senescence may enhance viral replication by downregulating antiviral signalling. Furthermore, cellular senescence leads to the secretion of inflammatory mediators, which may either promote host defence or exacerbate immune pathology during viral infections. In this Perspective article, we summarise how senescence contributes to physiology and disease, the role of senescence in chronic lung diseases, and how senescence impacts acute respiratory viral infections. Finally, we develop a potential framework for how senescence may contribute, both positively and negatively, to the pathophysiology of viral respiratory infections, including severe acute respiratory syndrome due to the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Senescence associates with fibrotic lung diseases. Emerging therapies to reduce senescence may treat chronic lung diseases, but the impact of senescence during acute respiratory viral infections is unclear and requires future investigation. https://bit.ly/2SAPpx6
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