Synchrony as a measure of conversation difficulty: Movement coherence increases with background noise level and complexity in dyads and triads.
Synchrony as a measure of conversation difficulty: Movement coherence increases with background noise level and complexity in dyads and triads.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0258247
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ward JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hadley LV;Ward JA
当人们互动时，他们会进入同步状态。这种同步性已经在一系列背景下得到了证明，从一起散步或一起演奏音乐到进行对话，并且与亲社会的结果有关，例如融洽关系的发展和合作效率。虽然同步性的基础尚不清楚，但一些研究发现，当互动变得具有挑战性时，同步性会增加，这可能提供了一种促进互动的手段。在这里，我们专注于自由交谈时的头部运动。由于在背景噪声中交谈时，言语信息会变得模糊，因此我们研究了在高噪声水平与低噪声水平下同步性是否更高，以及背景噪声复杂性的影响。参与者坐在实验室里与不熟悉的对话者进行一系列对话，背景噪音水平每15- 30秒在54、60、66、72和78 dB之间变化。我们报告了通过高分辨率运动跟踪在极端噪声水平下记录的头部运动同步性的测量结果（即，二联体（n = 15）和三联体（n = 11）中的54与78 dB）。在这两个二元组和三元组，我们报告增加运动的连贯性，在高水平相比，低水平的语音形状的噪音。此外，在黑社会中，我们比较了语音形状的噪声与多说话者的胡言乱语的行为，并发现更大的运动连贯性，在更复杂的胡言乱语的条件。关键的同步性差异落在0.2-0.5 Hz的频带，并讨论了他们的对应谈话者的平均话语持续时间。额外的同步性差异仅在三和弦中以较高频率出现（即，>5 Hz），这可能与反向通道线索的同步有关（因为多个个体正在收听并响应同一说话者）。这些研究不仅复制了先前的工作，表明随着任务难度的增加，对话者对行为同步的依赖增加，而且他们使用多种难度操作和不同大小的互动组来证明这些效果。
When people interact, they fall into synchrony. This synchrony has been demonstrated in a range of contexts, from walking or playing music together to holding a conversation, and has been linked to prosocial outcomes such as development of rapport and efficiency of cooperation. While the basis of synchrony remains unclear, several studies have found synchrony to increase when an interaction is made challenging, potentially providing a means of facilitating interaction. Here we focus on head movement during free conversation. As verbal information is obscured when conversing over background noise, we investigate whether synchrony is greater in high vs low levels of noise, as well as addressing the effect of background noise complexity. Participants held a series of conversations with unfamiliar interlocutors while seated in a lab, and the background noise level changed every 15-30s between 54, 60, 66, 72, and 78 dB. We report measures of head movement synchrony recorded via high-resolution motion tracking at the extreme noise levels (i.e., 54 vs 78 dB) in dyads (n = 15) and triads (n = 11). In both the dyads and the triads, we report increased movement coherence in high compared to low level speech-shaped noise. Furthermore, in triads we compare behaviour in speech-shaped noise vs multi-talker babble, and find greater movement coherence in the more complex babble condition. Key synchrony differences fall in the 0.2–0.5 Hz frequency bands, and are discussed in terms of their correspondence to talkers’ average utterance durations. Additional synchrony differences occur at higher frequencies in the triads only (i.e., >5 Hz), which may relate to synchrony of backchannel cues (as multiple individuals were listening and responding to the same talker). Not only do these studies replicate prior work indicating interlocutors’ increased reliance on behavioural synchrony as task difficulty increases, but they demonstrate these effects using multiple difficulty manipulations and across different sized interaction groups.
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