Changes in Sensorimotor Cortical Activation in Children Using Prostheses and Prosthetic Simulators.

Changes in Sensorimotor Cortical Activation in Children Using Prostheses and Prosthetic Simulators.
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DOI:
10.3390/brainsci11080991
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发表时间:
2021-07-27
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Zuniga JM
Zuniga JM
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Copeland C;Mukherjee M;Wang Y;Fraser K;Zuniga JM

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本研究旨在检查使用假肢和假肢模拟器的儿童的神经反应,以更好地阐明模拟器的仿真能力。我们利用功能性近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 来评估 5 名患有先天性上肢畸形 (ULR) 的儿童的神经反应,他们使用身体动力假肢完成 60 秒的粗大运动灵活性任务。 ULR 组与五名发育正常的儿童 (TD) 进行匹配,使用他们不喜欢的手和同一只手上的假肢模拟器。与 TD 组相比,ULR 组的初级运动皮层 (M1) 和辅助运动区 (SMA) 的激活程度较低,但初级体感区 (S1) 的差异不显着。与使用他们不喜欢的手相比,TD 组在使用模拟器时在 S1 中表现出明显更高的动作,但在 M1 和 SMA 中没有显着差异。各组之间 S1 激活的非显着差异以及模拟器的使用引起的激活增加可能表明工具使用过程中反馈优先级的快速变化。我们认为,假肢模拟器可能会在运动任务期间引起对本体感觉和触觉反馈的更多依赖。这些知识可能有助于发展未来的假肢康复训练或提高基于工具的技能。
This study aimed to examine the neural responses of children using prostheses and prosthetic simulators to better elucidate the emulation abilities of the simulators. We utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to evaluate the neural response in five children with a congenital upper limb reduction (ULR) using a body-powered prosthesis to complete a 60 s gross motor dexterity task. The ULR group was matched with five typically developing children (TD) using their non-preferred hand and a prosthetic simulator on the same hand. The ULR group had lower activation within the primary motor cortex (M1) and supplementary motor area (SMA) compared to the TD group, but nonsignificant differences in the primary somatosensory area (S1). Compared to using their non-preferred hand, the TD group exhibited significantly higher action in S1 when using the simulator, but nonsignificant differences in M1 and SMA. The non-significant differences in S1 activation between groups and the increased activation evoked by the simulator’s use may suggest rapid changes in feedback prioritization during tool use. We suggest that prosthetic simulators may elicit increased reliance on proprioceptive and tactile feedback during motor tasks. This knowledge may help to develop future prosthesis rehabilitative training or the improvement of tool-based skills.
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