Can we undo our first impressions? The role of reinterpretation in reversing implicit evaluations.

Can we undo our first impressions? The role of reinterpretation in reversing implicit evaluations.
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DOI:
10.1037/pspa0000021
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发表时间:
2015-06
影响因子:
7.6
通讯作者:
Ferguson, Melissa J.
Ferguson, Melissa J.
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mann, Thomas C.;Ferguson, Melissa J.

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很少有研究表明,在学习新的启示后,内隐评价是否可以有效地“撤销”。在7个实验中,受试者在重新解释先前的信息后,完全逆转了他们对一个新目标人物的内隐评价。修订发生在多个内隐评价措施(实验1a和1b),只有当新的信息提示重新解释以前的学习没有(实验2)。更新需要积极考虑的信息,因为它只出现了至少适度的认知资源(实验3)。自我报告的重新解释预测(实验4)和介导(实验5)修订的内隐评价超出了单独的影响,如何深思熟虑的参与者认为一般的新信息。最后,修改后的评价在三天后是持久的(实验6)。我们讨论了这些结果如何告知现有的理论模型,并考虑对未来研究的影响。
Little work has examined whether implicit evaluations can be effectively “undone” after learning new revelations. Across 7 experiments, participants fully reversed their implicit evaluation of a novel target person after reinterpreting earlier information. Revision occurred across multiple implicit evaluation measures (Experiments 1a and 1b), and only when the new information prompted a reinterpretation of prior learning versus did not (Experiment 2). The updating required active consideration of the information, as it emerged only with at least moderate cognitive resources (Experiment 3). Self-reported reinterpretation predicted (Experiment 4) and mediated (Experiment 5) revised implicit evaluations beyond the separate influence of how thoughtfully participants considered the new information in general. Finally, the revised evaluations were durable three days later (Experiment 6). We discuss how these results inform existing theoretical models, and consider implications for future research.
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