Circular RNA is expressed across the eukaryotic tree of life.

Circular RNA is expressed across the eukaryotic tree of life.
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环状RNA在真核生命树中表达。

DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0090859
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Salzman J
Salzman J
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang PL;Bao Y;Yee MC;Barrett SP;Hogan GJ;Olsen MN;Dinneny JR;Brown PO;Salzman J

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后生动物(人、小鼠、斑马鱼、蠕虫、果蝇)中出乎意料的大部分基因表达高水平的含有典型外显子的环状RNA。在这里,我们报告说,在不同的物种中发现了环状RNA同工型,这些物种的最近共同祖先存在于10亿多年前:真菌(粟酒裂殖酵母和酿酒酵母),植物(拟南芥)和原生生物(恶性疟原虫和盘基网柄线虫)。对于迄今为止研究的所有物种,包括本报告中的物种,实际上只观察到一小部分理论上可能来自给定基因的环状RNA异构体。与后生动物不同,拟南芥、D. discoideum、恶性疟原虫(P.falciparum)、S. cerevisiae和S.粟酒裂殖酵母有很短的内含子(约100个核苷酸或更短),但它们仍然产生环状RNA。S.粟酒裂殖酵母和恶性疟原虫已经记录了典型的选择性剪接的例子,使得所有环状RNA不太可能是选择性剪接的副产物或在选择性RNA加工中使用的信号上的“捎带”。In S.粟酒裂殖酵母中,在氮饥饿期间,环状到线性转录异构体的相对丰度以基因特异性模式变化。环状RNA可能是真核生物基因表达程序的一个古老的、保守的特征。
An unexpectedly large fraction of genes in metazoans (human, mouse, zebrafish, worm, fruit fly) express high levels of circularized RNAs containing canonical exons. Here we report that circular RNA isoforms are found in diverse species whose most recent common ancestor existed more than one billion years ago: fungi (Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae), a plant (Arabidopsis thaliana), and protists (Plasmodium falciparum and Dictyostelium discoideum). For all species studied to date, including those in this report, only a small fraction of the theoretically possible circular RNA isoforms from a given gene are actually observed. Unlike metazoans, Arabidopsis, D. discoideum, P. falciparum, S. cerevisiae, and S. pombe have very short introns (∼100 nucleotides or shorter), yet they still produce circular RNAs. A minority of genes in S. pombe and P. falciparum have documented examples of canonical alternative splicing, making it unlikely that all circular RNAs are by-products of alternative splicing or ‘piggyback’ on signals used in alternative RNA processing. In S. pombe, the relative abundance of circular to linear transcript isoforms changed in a gene-specific pattern during nitrogen starvation. Circular RNA may be an ancient, conserved feature of eukaryotic gene expression programs.
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