Mitochondrial miRNAs in diabetes: just the tip of the iceberg.

Mitochondrial miRNAs in diabetes: just the tip of the iceberg.
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DOI:
10.1139/cjpp-2016-0580
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发表时间:
2017-10
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
Das S
Das S
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Baradan R;Hollander JM;Das S

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在过去的20年里,mi(cro)RNA已经成为代谢稳态的关键调节因子之一。大多数研究都强调,在细胞质中,miRNA直接与mRNA的3′-UTR(非翻译区)结合。传统的RNA诱导沉默复合物(RISC)的形成导致转录后抑制。已知该过程有助于代谢疾病的发展,包括糖尿病。小RNA检测技术的最新进展使我们能够识别细胞线粒体区室中的miRNA。我们将这些转运到线粒体中的miRNA称为线粒体miRNA,MitomiR。已经证明MitomiRs可以调节基因表达,一些证据甚至表明,在易位后,MitomiRs可以结合到线粒体基因的3′端,改变其调节。我们在这篇综述中的主要重点是强调MitomiR在代谢疾病如糖尿病发病机制中的潜在作用。
Over the last 2 decades, mi(cro)RNAs have emerged as one of the key regulators of metabolic homeostasis. Most of the studies have highlighted that, in the cytoplasm, miRNAs directly bind to the 3′-UTR (untranslated region) of a mRNA. Conventional RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) formation results in the post-transcriptional inhibition. This process is known to contribute to the development of metabolic diseases, including diabetes mellitus. Recent advancements with small RNA detection technologies have enabled us to identify miRNAs in the mitochondrial compartment of the cells. We have termed these miRNAs, which translocate into the mitochondria as mitochondrial miRNA, MitomiR. It has been demonstrated that MitomiRs can regulate gene expression, with some evidence even suggesting that, after translocation, MitomiRs can bind to the 3′-end of a mitochondrial gene, altering its regulation. Our main focus in this review is to highlight the potential role of MitomiR in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus.
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