Energy use for urban water management by utilities and households in Los Angeles
Energy use for urban water management by utilities and households in Los Angeles
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洛杉矶公用事业和家庭用于城市水管理的能源使用
DOI：
10.1088/2515-7620/ab5e20
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Pincetl, Stephanie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Porse, Erik;Mika, Kathryn B.;Escriva-Bou, Alvar;Fournier, Eric D.;Sanders, Kelly T.;Spang, Edward;Stokes-Draut, Jennifer;Federico, Felicia;Gold, Mark;Pincetl, Stephanie
减少城市水管理的能源消耗可能会产生经济和环境效益。很少有研究对城市供水部门的能源需求进行全面评估，包括公用事业运营和家庭使用。在这里，我们评估城市水管理的能源需求在大都市洛杉矶（LA）县。使用包括节水和替代供应方案的规划方案，我们估计了100多个区域水机构（覆盖900多万人）的水进口、地下水抽取、管道分配、水和废水处理以及住宅水加热的能源需求。结果表明，结合节水与替代当地供应，如雨水收集和水回用（非饮用或间接饮用），可以减少能源消耗和强度的水管理在洛杉矶。为直接饮用水再利用而进一步进行先进的水处理可能会增加能源需求。总的来说，水加热是区域能源消耗的主要来源。与电网供电有关的加热因素推动了公用事业和家庭能源换水的相对贡献。对于电网运行的大多数情况，家庭热水的能源消耗远远超过公用事业的能源消耗。该研究展示了能源和水资源使用的公开和详细数据如何支持可持续发展规划。这种方法适用于任何地方的城市。
Reducing energy consumption for urban water management may yield economic and environmental benefits. Few studies provide comprehensive assessments of energy needs for urban water sectors that include both utility operations and household use. Here, we evaluate the energy needs for urban water management in metropolitan Los Angeles (LA) County. Using planning scenarios that include both water conservation and alternative supply options, we estimate energy requirements of water imports, groundwater pumping, distribution in pipes, water and wastewater treatment, and residential water heating across more than one hundred regional water agencies covering over 9 million people. Results show that combining water conservation with alternative local supplies such as stormwater capture and water reuse (nonpotable or indirect potable) can reduce the energy consumption and intensity of water management in LA. Further advanced water treatment for direct potable reuse could increase energy needs. In aggregate, water heating represents a major source of regional energy consumption. The heating factor associated with grid-supplied electricity drives the relative contribution of energy-for-water by utilities and households. For most scenarios of grid operations, energy for household water heating significantly outweighs utility energy consumption. The study demonstrates how publicly available and detailed data for energy and water use supports sustainability planning. The method is applicable to cities everywhere.
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适应缺水未来的能源权衡：洛杉矶案例研究
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kelly Twomey Sanders
通讯作者：
Kelly Twomey Sanders
DOI：
10.1016/j.egypro.2016.12.022
发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
Energy Procedia
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Wakeel;Bin Chen
通讯作者：
M. Wakeel;Bin Chen
地下水交换池和城市供水可持续性：建模有向和无向网络
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
E. Porse;K. Mika;Rhianna Williams;M. Gold;W. Blomquist;S. Pincetl
通讯作者：
S. Pincetl
破碎的水流：洛杉矶县的供水
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
S. Pincetl;E. Porse;D. Cheng
通讯作者：
D. Cheng
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Robert B. Sowby;S. Burian
通讯作者：
S. Burian