Bat guilds, a concept to classify the highly diverse foraging and echolocation behaviors of microchiropteran bats.
Bat guilds, a concept to classify the highly diverse foraging and echolocation behaviors of microchiropteran bats.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2013.00164
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Schnitzler HU
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Denzinger A;Schnitzler HU
在整个进化过程中，蝙蝠的觅食和回声定位行为以及运动系统已经适应了它们在寻找和获取食物时必须执行的任务。当蝙蝠以类似的方式利用同类环境资源时，它们执行类似的任务，因此具有类似的适应性，而不依赖于它们的系统发育。具有相似适应性的物种被分配到行会或功能群中。生境类型和觅食方式主要决定了蝙蝠的觅食任务，从而决定了蝙蝠的适应性。因此，我们用生境类型和觅食方式来定义7个行会。根据蝙蝠的回声定位行为与蝙蝠与背景或食物与背景的距离的关系，定义了开放空间、边缘空间和狭窄空间的生境类型。蝙蝠在空中、拖网、扑动探测或主动收集模式下觅食，只使用回声定位来获取食物。在被动拾取模式下觅食时，蝙蝠不使用回声定位，而是依靠食物的感官线索来找到它。蝙蝠群落通常由大量物种组成，在觅食区域、觅食方式和饮食方面具有高度多样性。将生活在类似约束条件下的物种划分为行会，确定了群落结构的模式，并有助于理解构成高度多样化蝙蝠群落组织的因素。来自不同行会的蝙蝠不会竞争食物，因为它们的觅食行为和使用的环境资源不同。然而，属于同一行会的同域生物往往会利用同一类资源。为了避免竞争，它们应该在各自的细分领域有所不同。在较为粗糙的行会分类之下，蝙蝠群落的细粒结构是由导致生态位划分的机制决定的。
Throughout evolution the foraging and echolocation behaviors as well as the motor systems of bats have been adapted to the tasks they have to perform while searching and acquiring food. When bats exploit the same class of environmental resources in a similar way, they perform comparable tasks and thus share similar adaptations independent of their phylogeny. Species with similar adaptations are assigned to guilds or functional groups. Habitat type and foraging mode mainly determine the foraging tasks and thus the adaptations of bats. Therefore, we use habitat type and foraging mode to define seven guilds. The habitat types open, edge and narrow space are defined according to the bats' echolocation behavior in relation to the distance between bat and background or food item and background. Bats foraging in the aerial, trawling, flutter detecting, or active gleaning mode use only echolocation to acquire their food. When foraging in the passive gleaning mode bats do not use echolocation but rely on sensory cues from the food item to find it. Bat communities often comprise large numbers of species with a high diversity in foraging areas, foraging modes, and diets. The assignment of species living under similar constraints into guilds identifies patterns of community structure and helps to understand the factors that underlie the organization of highly diverse bat communities. Bat species from different guilds do not compete for food as they differ in their foraging behavior and in the environmental resources they use. However, sympatric living species belonging to the same guild often exploit the same class of resources. To avoid competition they should differ in their niche dimensions. The fine grain structure of bat communities below the rather coarse classification into guilds is determined by mechanisms that result in niche partitioning.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Boonman, AM;Boonman, M;van de Grind, WA
通讯作者：
van de Grind, WA
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
BARCLAY, RMR
通讯作者：
BARCLAY, RMR
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Brinklov, Signe;Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.;Surlykke, Annemarie
通讯作者：
Surlykke, Annemarie
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
CROME, FHJ;RICHARDS, GC
通讯作者：
RICHARDS, GC
影响因子：
2
作者：
Britton, ARC;Jones, G;Verboom, B
通讯作者：
Verboom, B