Conflict effects without conflict in anterior cingulate cortex: multiple response effects and context specific representations.
Conflict effects without conflict in anterior cingulate cortex: multiple response effects and context specific representations.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.04.034
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Brown JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown JW
前扣带皮层（ACC）的错误似然计算模型成功预测了错误似然效应、风险预测效应，以及冲突和错误似然效应的个体差异如何随风险厌恶特征差异而变化。现在，相同的计算模型进一步预测，ACC 中明显的冲突效应可能部分是由于同时主动响应数量的增加而导致的，无论提示的响应是否相互不兼容。在实验 1 中，通过对 Eriksen flanker 任务的修改来测试模型预测，其中某些任务条件需要同时生成两个互不兼容的响应。在这种情况下，两个响应过程不再相互冲突。结果显示，尽管不存在反应冲突，但不一致对比一致对比中的内侧 PFC 效应虽小但显着，与模型预测一致。这就是多重响应效应。尽管如此，实际的反应冲突导致 ACC 激活更大，这表明冲突效应特定于特定的任务环境。在实验 2 中，变化信号任务的结果表明冲突信号的上下文依赖性并不依赖于错误可能性效应。相反，ACC 的输入可能反映运动行为的复杂且特定于任务的表示，例如双手反应。总体而言，结果表明存在由内侧 PFC 监测的更丰富的运动信号集，并且与内侧 PFC 中多重反应、冲突和错误可能性的独特影响一致。
The error likelihood computational model of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has successfully predicted error likelihood effects, risk prediction effects, and how individual differences in conflict and error likelihood effects vary with trait differences in risk aversion. The same computational model now makes a further prediction that apparent conflict effects in ACC may result in part from an increasing number of simultaneously active responses, regardless of whether or not the cued responses are mutually incompatible. In Experiment 1, the model prediction was tested with a modification of the Eriksen flanker task, in which some task conditions require two otherwise mutually incompatible responses to be generated simultaneously. In that case, the two response processes are no longer in conflict with each other. The results showed small but significant medial PFC effects in the incongruent vs. congruent contrast, despite the absence of response conflict, consistent with model predictions. This is the multiple response effect. Nonetheless, actual response conflict led to greater ACC activation, suggesting that conflict effects are specific to particular task contexts. In Experiment 2, results from a change signal task suggested that the context dependence of conflict signals does not depend on error likelihood effects. Instead, inputs to ACC may reflect complex and task specific representations of motor acts, such as bimanual responses. Overall, the results suggest the existence of a richer set of motor signals monitored by medial PFC and are consistent with distinct effects of multiple responses, conflict, and error likelihood in medial PFC.
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