The Pupillary Response of the Common Octopus (Octopus vulgaris).
The Pupillary Response of the Common Octopus (Octopus vulgaris).
复制标题
公共章鱼（章鱼）的瞳孔反应。
DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2020.01112
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Hanke FD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Soto C;Kelber A;Hanke FD
头足动物的眼睛非常醒目，经常被拿来与鱼的眼睛相提并论。然而，与许多鱼类不同的是，头足类动物的眼睛有活动的瞳孔。为了增加对头足类瞳孔和视觉功能的认识，本研究对头足类中的模式物种之一--普通章鱼的瞳孔动态进行了测定。我们测量了瞳孔面积作为环境亮度的函数，以记录章鱼眼睛的明暗反应。结果表明，弱光(~lt；1cd/m~2)足以引起章鱼的瞳孔收缩，并且对变化的光照条件反应迅速。根据实验条件的不同，达到半最大收缩所需时间的t50值从0.45到1.29S，最大收缩从完全扩张的瞳孔面积的10%到20%不等。轴向光比上方光对瞳孔形状的影响更大，这暗示了水平狭缝瞳孔的阴影效应。我们观察到在所有光线条件下，瞳孔面积的显著变化，表明与光无关的因素，如唤醒或伪装眼睛的需要，影响了瞳孔的扩张/收缩。总之，关于瞳孔动力学的记录提供了章鱼的瞳孔适应低环境光线水平的证据。然而，章鱼能够迅速适应并因此在较亮的光照和非常不均匀的光环境中发挥作用，这种能力是由动态的瞳孔结合前面描述的章鱼的明/暗适应的额外过程所调节的。
Cephalopods have very conspicuous eyes that are often compared to fish eyes. However, in contrast to many fish, the eyes of cephalopods possess mobile pupils. To increase the knowledge of pupillary and thus visual function in cephalopods, the dynamics of the pupil of one of the model species among cephalopods, the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris), was determined in this study. We measured pupillary area as a function of ambient luminance to document the light and dark reaction of the octopus eye. The results show that weak light (<1 cd/m2) is enough to cause a pupil constriction in octopus, and that the pupil reacts fast to changing light conditions. The t50-value defined as the time required for achieving half-maximum constriction ranged from 0.45 to 1.29 s and maximal constriction from 10 to 20% of the fully dilated pupil area, depending on the experimental condition. Axial light had a stronger influence on pupil shape than light from above, which hints at a shadow effect of the horizontal slit pupil. We observed substantial variation of the pupil area under all light conditions indicating that light-independent factors such as arousal or the need to camouflage the eye affect pupil dilation/constriction. In conclusion, the documentation of pupil dynamics provides evidence that the pupil of octopus is adapted to low ambient light levels. Nevertheless it can quickly adapt to and thus function under brighter illumination and in a very inhomogeneous light environment, an ability mediated by the dynamic pupil in combination with previously described additional processes of light/dark adaptation in octopus.
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00307193
发表时间：
1973-01-01
期刊：
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ZELLFORSCHUNG UND MIKROSKOPISCHE ANATOMIE
影响因子：
--
作者：
FROESCH, D
通讯作者：
FROESCH, D
影响因子：
--
作者：
HURLEY, AC;LANGE, GD;HARTLINE, PH
通讯作者：
HARTLINE, PH
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
DAW, NW;PEARLMAN, AL
通讯作者：
PEARLMAN, AL
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Bozzano, Anna;Pankhurst, Patricia M.;Villanueva, Roger
通讯作者：
Villanueva, Roger
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Fan, Xiaofei;Yao, Gang
通讯作者：
Yao, Gang