Potential mobile units drive the horizontal transfer of phytoplasma effector phyllogen genes.
Potential mobile units drive the horizontal transfer of phytoplasma effector phyllogen genes.
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DOI：
10.3389/fgene.2023.1132432
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Yamaji, Yasuyuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tokuda, Ryosuke;Iwabuchi, Nozomu;Kitazawa, Yugo;Nijo, Takamichi;Suzuki, Masato;Maejima, Kensaku;Oshima, Kenro;Namba, Shigetou;Yamaji, Yasuyuki
植原体是一种专性胞内致病菌，能诱导植物叶状体，这是一种花器官发育异常。植原体具有叶原体，其是在植物中引起叶状的效应蛋白。叶原体和16S rRNA基因的系统发育比较表明，叶原体基因在植原体种和株之间发生水平转移。然而，这种水平基因转移的机制和进化意义尚不清楚。在这里，我们分析了17个植原体菌株的叶原侧翼基因组区域的同线性，这些植原体菌株与6个“”种有关，包括本研究中新测序的3个菌株。潜在的移动的单位（PMU），这是假定的转座因子中发现植原体中的许多叶原两侧的多拷贝基因。多拷贝基因表现出两种不同的模式的同线性，与连锁的叶状体。在这些叶状体侧翼基因中发现的低水平的序列同一性和部分截短表明PMU序列正在恶化，而高度保守的序列和功能（例如，诱导叶状体）表明后者对植原体适合度很重要。此外，虽然它们的叶状体相似，但菌株中的PMU与'Ca.紫穗槐的基因组序列通常位于基因组的不同区域。这些发现强烈表明，PMU驱动植物原体种和株系之间的水平转移。这些见解提高了我们的理解如何在植原体之间共享的决定基因。
Phytoplasmas are obligate intracellular plant pathogenic bacteria that can induce phyllody, which is a type of abnormal floral organ development. Phytoplasmas possess phyllogens, which are effector proteins that cause phyllody in plants. Phylogenetic comparisons of phyllogen and 16S rRNA genes have suggested that phyllogen genes undergo horizontal transfer between phytoplasma species and strains. However, the mechanisms and evolutionary implications of this horizontal gene transfer are unclear. Here, we analyzed synteny in phyllogen flanking genomic regions from 17 phytoplasma strains that were related to six ‘Candidatus’ species, including three strains newly sequenced in this study. Many of the phyllogens were flanked by multicopy genes within potential mobile units (PMUs), which are putative transposable elements found in phytoplasmas. The multicopy genes exhibited two distinct patterns of synteny that correlated with the linked phyllogens. The low level of sequence identities and partial truncations found among these phyllogen flanking genes indicate that the PMU sequences are deteriorating, whereas the highly conserved sequences and functions (e.g., inducing phyllody) of the phyllogens suggest that the latter are important for phytoplasma fitness. Furthermore, although their phyllogens were similar, PMUs in strains related to ‘Ca. P. asteris’ were often located in different regions of the genome. These findings strongly indicate that PMUs drive the horizontal transfer of phyllogens among phytoplasma species and strains. These insights improve our understanding of how symptom-determinant genes have been shared among phytoplasmas.
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影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Chang SH;Tan CM;Wu CT;Lin TH;Jiang SY;Liu RC;Tsai MC;Su LW;Yang JY
通讯作者：
Yang JY
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Huang W;MacLean AM;Sugio A;Maqbool A;Busscher M;Cho ST;Kamoun S;Kuo CH;Immink RGH;Hogenhout SA
通讯作者：
Hogenhout SA
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Kube M;Schneider B;Kuhl H;Dandekar T;Heitmann K;Migdoll AM;Reinhardt R;Seemüller E
通讯作者：
Seemüller E
DOI：
10.1093/bioinformatics/bty631
发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cosentino S;Iwasaki W
通讯作者：
Iwasaki W
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Kumar, Sudhir;Stecher, Glen;Tamura, Koichiro
通讯作者：
Tamura, Koichiro