Delay discounting and neurocognitive correlates among inner city adolescents with and without family history of substance use disorder.
Delay discounting and neurocognitive correlates among inner city adolescents with and without family history of substance use disorder.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100942
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发表时间：
2021-04
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Amsel LV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rodriguez-Moreno DV;Cycowicz YM;Figner B;Wang Z;He X;Geronazzo-Alman L;Sun X;Cheslack-Postava K;Bisaga A;Hoven CW;Amsel LV
有SUD家族史的青少年在延迟折扣任务中表现出冲动性。有和没有SUD家族史的青少年在大脑活动方面没有差异。延迟折扣任务涉及预期奖励和控制大脑区域。尽管存在行为差异，但我们没有观察到SUD风险的明确功能性大脑特征。有物质使用障碍（SUD）家族史（FH+）的青少年患SUD的风险更大，这可能部分是由于行为冲动的传播。我们使用了延迟折扣任务，以比较冲动的决策及其相关的大脑功能之间的FH+和FH -少数民族青少年。参与者可以选择较小的更快（SS）和较大的更晚（LL）奖励。SS可以立即使用（现在试验）或在未来使用（非现在试验），从而可以更好地区分冲动决定。FH+组比FH -组更频繁地响应SS，表现出更大的不耐烦，仅在Now试验中，甚至当相对奖励差异（RRD）增加时。令人惊讶的是，两组之间的大脑活动没有差异。结合起来，在现在与不现在的试验中，这些组在内侧前额叶/前扣带回、后扣带回、楔前叶和额下回（即，即时效应）。随着RRD增加，奖励网络的激活减少，包括纹状体，可能反映了容易的决策。这些结果表明，在FH+青少年中观察到的SUD行为风险可能与可辨别的大脑变化无关，这表明早期干预有可能降低这种风险。
Adolescents with a family history of SUD are impulsive in the delay discounting task. Adolescents with and without family history of SUD did not differ in brain activity. The delay discounting task engaged the expected reward and control brain regions. Despite behavioral differences we observed no clear functional brain signatures for SUD risk. Adolescents with a family history (FH+) of substance use disorder (SUD) are at a greater risk for SUD, suggested to be partly due to the transmission of behavioral impulsivity. We used a delay discounting task to compare impulsivity in decision-making and its associated brain functioning among FH+ and FH - minority adolescents. Participants chose between Smaller Sooner (SS) and Larger Later (LL) rewards. The SS was available immediately (Now trials) or in the future (Not-Now trials), allowing for greater differentiation between impulsive decisions. The FH+ group showed greater impatience by responding SS more frequently than the FH - group, only on the Now trials, and even when the relative reward differences (RRD) increased. Surprisingly, there were no differences in brain activity between the groups. Combined, the groups showed greater reward activity during the Now vs. Not-Now trials in medial prefrontal/anterior cingulate, posterior cingulate, precuneus, and inferior frontal gyrus (i.e., an immediacy effect). As the RRD increased activation in the reward network decreased, including the striatum, possibly reflecting easy decision-making. These results indicate that risk for SUD, seen behaviorally among FH+ adolescents, may not yet be associated with discernable brain changes, suggesting that early intervention has the potential to reduce this risk.
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影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Feldstein Ewing SW;Wray AM;Mead HK;Adams SK
通讯作者：
Adams SK
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Christakou, Anastasia;Brammer, Mick;Rubia, Katya
通讯作者：
Rubia, Katya
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
de Water, Erik;Mies, Gabry W.;Scheres, Anouk
通讯作者：
Scheres, Anouk
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Christakou, Anastasia;Brammer, Mick;Rubia, Katya
通讯作者：
Rubia, Katya
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Carter, Bronwyn J.
通讯作者：
Carter, Bronwyn J.