Superoxide is a mediator of an altruistic aging program in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Superoxide is a mediator of an altruistic aging program in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.200404002
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发表时间：
2004-09-27
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Longo VD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fabrizio P;Battistella L;Vardavas R;Gattazzo C;Liou LL;Diaspro A;Dossen JW;Gralla EB;Longo VD
衰老被认为是一种逃避自然选择力量的非适应性过程。在这里，我们通过展示酵母实验室菌株和从葡萄中分离的菌株经历具有哺乳动物程序性细胞死亡(细胞凋亡)特征的年龄和pH依赖的死亡来挑战这一教条。在90%-99%的种群死亡后，一小部分突变亚群利用死亡细胞释放的营养进行生长。这种适应性再生与对超氧化物毒性的保护和寿命呈负相关，并与年龄相关的营养物质释放增加和突变频率增加有关。计算机模拟证实，过早衰老和相对较高的突变频率可以导致在适应不断变化的环境方面的主要优势。这些结果表明，在模拟自然环境的条件下，酵母生物体经历了部分由超氧化物介导的利他和过早的衰老和死亡程序。在从酵母到老鼠的各种生物中，类似的通路在调节寿命方面的作用增加了哺乳动物也可能经历程序性衰老的可能性。
Aging is believed to be a nonadaptive process that escapes the force of natural selection. Here, we challenge this dogma by showing that yeast laboratory strains and strains isolated from grapes undergo an age- and pH-dependent death with features of mammalian programmed cell death (apoptosis). After 90–99% of the population dies, a small mutant subpopulation uses the nutrients released by dead cells to grow. This adaptive regrowth is inversely correlated with protection against superoxide toxicity and life span and is associated with elevated age-dependent release of nutrients and increased mutation frequency. Computational simulations confirm that premature aging together with a relatively high mutation frequency can result in a major advantage in adaptation to changing environments. These results suggest that under conditions that model natural environments, yeast organisms undergo an altruistic and premature aging and death program, mediated in part by superoxide. The role of similar pathways in the regulation of longevity in organisms ranging from yeast to mice raises the possibility that mammals may also undergo programmed aging.
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