Pregnancy Testing Before Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Neuroimaging Research: Balancing Risks to Fetuses With Risks to Youth and Adult Participants.

Pregnancy Testing Before Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Neuroimaging Research: Balancing Risks to Fetuses With Risks to Youth and Adult Participants.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.08.006
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发表时间:
2023-02
期刊:
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging
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在进行研究时,保护我们的参与者免受不必要的风险是至关重要的。对于人类神经成像,许多机构要求将孕妇排除在完成磁共振成像(MRI)的研究之外,以将潜在风险降至最低。这通常需要对所有出生时被指定为女性并已开始月经的人进行强制性尿孕测试。这一限制源于早期动物研究对胎儿健康的担忧,这些研究尚未得到人类研究的证实。然而,一些机构并不要求这样做,许多研究人员正在积极研究人类胎儿MRI。20世纪80-90年代进行的动物研究提出了这样的担忧,即怀孕期间的MRI可能会对后代产生负面影响(1-5),声学噪声和组织热吸收是典型的令人担忧的机制-而不是X射线、CT或PET的辐射或放射性示踪剂。然而,一些动物研究采用了长时间扫描(例如,4或8小时),对于人类神经成像研究来说,这是不现实的或典型的,例如,~30-90分钟的头部MRI。此外,环境噪声在子宫内被抑制,比吸收率(SAR)在正常扫描参数下受到严格限制,以避免加热(6)。
While conducting research, it is crucial to protect our participants from undue risk. For human neuroimaging, many institutions require excluding pregnant people from completing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for research to minimize potential risk. This often entails mandatory urine pregnancy testing for all people assigned female at birth who have started to menstruate. This restriction stemmed from early concerns about fetal health from animal studies that have not been substantiated through human research. Yet, some institutions do not require this and many researchers are actively pursuing human fetal MRI.Animal studies conducted in the 1980–90s raised concerns that MRI during pregnancy might confer negative effects on offspring (1-5), with acoustic noise and tissue heat absorption being typical mechanisms of concern–rather than radiation or radioactive tracers with X-ray, CT, or PET. However, several animal studies employed long-duration scanning (eg, 4 or 8 hours) not realistic or typical for human neuroimaging studies, eg,~ 30-90-minute head MRI. Furthermore, environmental noise is damped in utero and the specific absorption rate (SAR) is tightly limited under normal scanning parameters to avoid heating (6).
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