Bizarre imagery, interference, and distinctiveness.

Bizarre imagery, interference, and distinctiveness.
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奇异的意象、干扰和独特性。

DOI:
10.1037//0278-7393.15.1.137
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发表时间:
1989
期刊:
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lackey,S
Lackey,S
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Einstein,GO;McDaniel,MA;Lackey,S

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先前的研究表明,在非混合列表设计中,奇怪的和普通的图像会产生同等水平的回忆。使用非混合列表,我们测试了这样一种观点,即奇怪的图像比普通图像更不容易受到常见干扰源的影响。在所有实验中,受试者想象一系列奇怪或常见的句子,然后进行某种干扰任务,然后回忆起最初的句子列表。实验一显示,在想象了一系列常见句子之后,奇怪的图片比普通图片更容易获得。此外,在想象了一系列奇怪的句子之后,普通图片的成分往往比奇怪图片的成分更容易被回忆起来。实验2a和2b表明,由学习常见具体名词列表组成的干扰性任务不会对奇怪和常见图像的记忆产生不同的影响。在实验3中,对常见图片的干扰列表进行标记和成像会产生更高的奇异图像回忆。一般来说,奇怪的图像似乎比普通图像更不容易受到某些类型的普通编码的干扰。重要的是,对奇怪图像的较好回忆总是由于更多的图像(句子)通达,而对普通图像的更高回忆与图像(句子)成分的更大恢复有关。对结果的精确模式的解释需要考虑奇怪图像的独特属性。
Previous studies have shown that bizarre and common images produce equivalent levels of recall in unmixed-list designs. Using unmixed lists, we tested the view that bizarre images would be less susceptible than common images to common sources of interference. In all experiments, subjects imaged a list of either bizarre or common sentences and then performed some kind of interfering task before recalling the initial list of sentences. Experiment 1, showed that bizarre images were better accessed than common images after imaging an intervening list of common sentences. Also, components of common images tended to be better recalled than those of bizarre images after imaging an intervening list of bizarre sentences. Experiments 2a and 2b showed that interfering tasks consisting of studying lists of common concrete nouns did not differentially affect memory for bizarre and common images. In Experiment 3, labeling and imaging an interfering list of common pictures produced higher recall of bizarre images. Generally, bizarre images appeared to be less susceptible than common images to interference from certain types of common encodings. Importantly, the superior recall of bizarre images was always due to greater image (sentence) access, whereas higher recall of common images was associated with greater recovery of the image (sentence) constituents. Explanation of the precise pattern of results requires consideration of the distinctive properties of bizarre images.
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发表时间: 1980
影响因子: 2.3
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