Influenza A H1N1 pandemic strain evolution--divergence and the potential for antigenic drift variants.
Influenza A H1N1 pandemic strain evolution--divergence and the potential for antigenic drift variants.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0093632
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pekosz A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klein EY;Serohijos AW;Choi JM;Shakhnovich EI;Pekosz A
2009年出现的新型甲型H1N1流感病毒株是基因组时代的第一次流感大流行，对该病毒的前所未有的监测为更好地了解流感的演变提供了机会。我们使用公开数据检查了A（H1N1）pdm 09毒株血凝素（HA）、神经氨酸酶（NA）和核蛋白（NP）片段的核苷酸编码区和氨基酸序列的变化。我们计算了每个序列与疫苗株A/加州/07/2009的核苷酸和氨基酸汉明距离。我们还估计了Pepitope-一种基于表位区域变化的抗原多样性度量-每个分离株。最后，我们将我们的结果与同期收集的A（H3 N2）菌株进行了比较。我们的分析发现，A（H1N1）pdm 09毒株HA蛋白的平均汉明距离从3.6（标准差[SD]：1.3）从2009年的11.7（SD：1.0），而编码区的平均汉明距离从2009年的7.4（SD：2.2）增加到2013年的28.3（SD：2.1）。这些趋势与同一时期H3 N2的突变率大致相似。然而，与H3 N2病毒株相反，近年来突变累积的速度已经减缓。我们的结果是值得注意的，因为在研究过程中，H3 N2的突变率与A（H1N1）pdm 09相似，导致两种抗原漂移变体的出现。然而，尽管本季度北美出现了H1N1疫情，但迄今为止的证据表明该疫苗仍然有效，这表明该疫情并非由于抗原漂移变体的出现。我们的研究结果表明，需要更多的研究来了解病毒突变如何与疫苗有效性相关，以便未来的疫苗选择和开发更具预测性。
The emergence of a novel A(H1N1) strain in 2009 was the first influenza pandemic of the genomic age, and unprecedented surveillance of the virus provides the opportunity to better understand the evolution of influenza. We examined changes in the nucleotide coding regions and the amino acid sequences of the hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and nucleoprotein (NP) segments of the A(H1N1)pdm09 strain using publicly available data. We calculated the nucleotide and amino acid hamming distance from the vaccine strain A/California/07/2009 for each sequence. We also estimated Pepitope–a measure of antigenic diversity based on changes in the epitope regions–for each isolate. Finally, we compared our results to A(H3N2) strains collected over the same period. Our analysis found that the mean hamming distance for the HA protein of the A(H1N1)pdm09 strain increased from 3.6 (standard deviation [SD]: 1.3) in 2009 to 11.7 (SD: 1.0) in 2013, while the mean hamming distance in the coding region increased from 7.4 (SD: 2.2) in 2009 to 28.3 (SD: 2.1) in 2013. These trends are broadly similar to the rate of mutation in H3N2 over the same time period. However, in contrast to H3N2 strains, the rate of mutation accumulation has slowed in recent years. Our results are notable because, over the course of the study, mutation rates in H3N2 similar to that seen with A(H1N1)pdm09 led to the emergence of two antigenic drift variants. However, while there has been an H1N1 epidemic in North America this season, evidence to date indicates the vaccine is still effective, suggesting the epidemic is not due to the emergence of an antigenic drift variant. Our results suggest that more research is needed to understand how viral mutations are related to vaccine effectiveness so that future vaccine choices and development can be more predictive.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0903427106
发表时间：
2009-05-26
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Ndifon, Wilfred;Wingreen, Ned S.;Levin, Simon A.
通讯作者：
Levin, Simon A.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Makkoch J;Suwannakarn K;Payungporn S;Prachayangprecha S;Cheiocharnsin T;Linsuwanon P;Theamboonlers A;Poovorawan Y
通讯作者：
Poovorawan Y
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Katoh K;Standley DM
通讯作者：
Standley DM
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
CATON, AJ;BROWNLEE, GG;GERHARD, W
通讯作者：
GERHARD, W
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Gupta, Vishal;Earl, David J.;Deem, Michael W.
通讯作者：
Deem, Michael W.