Are all threats equal? Associations of childhood exposure to physical attack versus threatened violence with preadolescent brain structure.
Are all threats equal? Associations of childhood exposure to physical attack versus threatened violence with preadolescent brain structure.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101033
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Kubzansky LD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delaney SW;Cortes Hidalgo AP;White T;Haneuse S;Ressler KJ;Tiemeier H;Kubzansky LD
儿童期逆境的神经发育研究通常将威胁性经历定义为涉及伤害或伤害威胁的经历。涉及伤害的经历（“身体攻击”）与单纯的伤害威胁（“暴力威胁”）之间的影响是否不同，仍然没有得到充分的探讨。我们假设，虽然这两种类型的经验将与较小的青春期前全球和皮质边缘脑容量，与物理攻击的关联将更大。R世代研究的研究人员（荷兰）对2905名青春期前儿童进行了T1加权扫描，使用FreeSurfer计算了脑容量，并询问母亲他们的孩子是否经历过身体攻击（n = 202）或暴力威胁（n = 335）。使用标准化的全球（皮质，皮质下，白色物质）和皮质边缘（杏仁核，海马，前扣带回皮质，眶额皮质）体积，我们适合混淆调整模型。物理攻击与较小的整体体积（β皮质=−0.14; 95% CI：−0.26，−0.02）; β白色物质= −0.16; 95% CI：− 0.28，− 0.03）和可能的一些皮质边缘体积相关，例如，β杏仁核/ICV校正= −0.10（95% CI：−0.21，0.01）。我们没有发现任何证据表明暴力威胁与任何结果中的较小数量之间存在关联;相反，这些估计值很小，高度不确定，并且方向是积极的。身体攻击和暴力威胁的经验可能有定量不同的神经发育影响。因此，不同类型的威胁体验之间的差异可能是神经发育上的显著差异。
Neurodevelopmental studies of childhood adversity often define threatening experiences as those involving harm or the threat of harm. Whether effects differ between experiences involving harm (“physical attack”) versus the threat of harm alone (“threatened violence”) remains underexplored. We hypothesized that while both types of experiences would be associated with smaller preadolescent global and corticolimbic brain volumes, associations with physical attack would be greater. Generation R Study researchers (the Netherlands) acquired T1-weighted scans from 2905 preadolescent children, computed brain volumes using FreeSurfer, and asked mothers whether their children ever experienced physical attack (n = 202) or threatened violence (n = 335). Using standardized global (cortical, subcortical, white matter) and corticolimbic (amygdala, hippocampus, anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex) volumes, we fit confounder-adjusted models. Physical attack was associated with smaller global volumes (βcortical=−0.14; 95% CI: −0.26, −0.02); βwhite matter= −0.16; 95% CI: − 0.28, − 0.03) and possibly some corticolimbic volumes, e.g., βamygdala/ICV-adjusted= −0.10 (95% CI: −0.21, 0.01). We found no evidence of associations between threatened violence and smaller volumes in any outcome; instead, such estimates were small, highly uncertain, and positive in direction. Experiences of physical attack and threatened violence may have quantitively different neurodevelopmental effects. Thus, differences between types of threatening experiences may be neurodevelopmentally salient.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.09.021
发表时间：
2019-03
期刊：
The Journal of pediatrics
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ghandour RM;Sherman LJ;Vladutiu CJ;Ali MM;Lynch SE;Bitsko RH;Blumberg SJ
通讯作者：
Blumberg SJ
影响因子：
--
作者：
KESSLER, RC;SONNEGA, A;NELSON, CB
通讯作者：
NELSON, CB
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.;van Duijn, Cornelia M.;Hofman, Albert
通讯作者：
Hofman, Albert
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Hanson JL;Nacewicz BM
通讯作者：
Nacewicz BM
DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
BENJAMINI, Y;HOCHBERG, Y
通讯作者：
HOCHBERG, Y