Metabolism of oligosaccharides and starch in lactobacilli: a review.
Metabolism of oligosaccharides and starch in lactobacilli: a review.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2012.00340
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Follador R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gänzle MG;Follador R
寡糖是由2-10个单糖残基组成的化合物，是乳杆菌栖息地的主要碳水化合物来源。此外，低聚糖代谢对乳酸菌的生态适应性至关重要。乳杆菌的双糖代谢已广为人知;然而，有关高级低聚糖代谢的数据却很少。对肠道微生物群生态学的研究以及益生元的商业应用已经将兴趣从（可消化的）二糖转移到（不可消化的）更高的寡糖。本文综述了乳杆菌中寡糖代谢的研究进展。重点放在麦芽糖糊精，异麦芽低聚糖，低聚果糖，低聚半乳糖和棉子糖家族低聚糖。淀粉也被考虑。代谢的基础上讨论了与寡糖代谢相关的代谢研究，碳水化合物转运系统，糖基水解酶和磷酸化酶的细胞位置和底物特异性的信息，以及38株乳酸杆菌基因组中存在的代谢基因。二糖代谢的代谢途径通常也能代谢三糖和四糖。然而，除了淀粉酶和果聚糖蔗糖酶，用于寡糖转化的代谢酶是细胞内的，并且寡糖代谢受到运输的限制。这种对细胞内糖基水解酶的一般限制将乳杆菌与适应肠道栖息地的其他细菌，特别是双歧杆菌属（Bifidobacterium spp.）
Oligosaccharides, compounds that are composed of 2–10 monosaccharide residues, are major carbohydrate sources in habitats populated by lactobacilli. Moreover, oligosaccharide metabolism is essential for ecological fitness of lactobacilli. Disaccharide metabolism by lactobacilli is well understood; however, few data on the metabolism of higher oligosaccharides are available. Research on the ecology of intestinal microbiota as well as the commercial application of prebiotics has shifted the interest from (digestible) disaccharides to (indigestible) higher oligosaccharides. This review provides an overview on oligosaccharide metabolism in lactobacilli. Emphasis is placed on maltodextrins, isomalto-oligosaccharides, fructo-oligosaccharides, galacto-oligosaccharides, and raffinose-family oligosaccharides. Starch is also considered. Metabolism is discussed on the basis of metabolic studies related to oligosaccharide metabolism, information on the cellular location and substrate specificity of carbohydrate transport systems, glycosyl hydrolases and phosphorylases, and the presence of metabolic genes in genomes of 38 strains of lactobacilli. Metabolic pathways for disaccharide metabolism often also enable the metabolism of tri- and tetrasaccharides. However, with the exception of amylase and levansucrase, metabolic enzymes for oligosaccharide conversion are intracellular and oligosaccharide metabolism is limited by transport. This general restriction to intracellular glycosyl hydrolases differentiates lactobacilli from other bacteria that adapted to intestinal habitats, particularly Bifidobacterium spp.
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保加利亚乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌产生的新型低聚糖的结构鉴定
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Black, Brenna A.;Lee, Vivian S. Y.;Gaenzle, Michael G.
通讯作者：
Gaenzle, Michael G.
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Goedl, Christiane;Schwarz, Alexandra;Nidetzky, Bernd
通讯作者：
Nidetzky, Bernd
DOI：
10.1007/0-387-30744-3_10
发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
PROKARYOTES: A HANDBOOK ON THE BIOLOGY OF BACTERIA, VOL 4, THIRD EDITION
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hammes, Walter P.;Hertel, Christian
通讯作者：
Hertel, Christian
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Carrera-Silva, E. A.;Silvestroni, A.;Sesma, F.
通讯作者：
Sesma, F.
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Campbell, JM;Bauer, LL;Hunter, DE
通讯作者：
Hunter, DE