Lactobacilli inactivate Chlamydia trachomatis through lactic acid but not H2O2.
Lactobacilli inactivate Chlamydia trachomatis through lactic acid but not H2O2.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0107758
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Fan H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gong Z;Luna Y;Yu P;Fan H
乳酸菌在大多数育龄妇女的下生殖道微生物群中占主导地位。乳酸菌产生乳酸和过氧化氢，在防止病原菌的定植和生长方面发挥着重要作用。然而，到目前为止，还没有关于乳杆菌如何与沙眼衣原体相互作用的研究报道，沙眼衣原体是一种主要的性传播细菌。在这份报告中，我们展示了用皱纹乳杆菌、加瑟氏乳杆菌和简氏乳杆菌为条件的培养基灭活沙眼衣原体感染性，这三种细菌是已知的人体阴道微生物群中的优势生物。仍然培养的乳杆菌产生乳酸，导致对沙眼衣原体的时间和浓度依赖的杀灭。酸性介质的中和完全逆转了衣原体的杀灭。在乳酸菌非条件培养基中加入乳酸，可概括条件培养基抗衣原体的活性。静止培养的H_2O_2浓度与报告的宫颈阴道液浓度相当，但不足以灭活衣原体。摇床曝气能显著诱导乳酸菌产生过氧化氢，但强烈抑制乳酸菌的生长和乳酸的产生，从而严重影响酸化，导致衣原体杀菌效果显著降低。这些观察表明，乳杆菌主要通过在阴道腔内相对低氧的环境中保持酸性和有限的过氧化氢来灭活衣原体，这与阴道pH值较高的女性更容易经性传播沙眼衣原体感染的观点一致。除乳酸外，甲酸和醋酸也显示出很强的抗衣原体活性。综上所述，我们的发现表明，通过改造阴道微生物群和其他手段来降低阴道pH值将使女性不太容易感染沙眼衣原体。
Lactobacillus species dominate the microbiome in the lower genital tract of most reproductive-age women. Producing lactic acid and H2O2, lactobacilli are believed to play an important role in prevention of colonization by and growth of pathogens. However, to date, there have been no reported studies characterizing how lactobacilli interact with Chlamydia trachomatis, a leading sexually transmitted bacterium. In this report, we demonstrate inactivation of C. trachomatis infectivity by culture media conditioned by Lactobacillus crispatus, L. gasseri and L. jensenii, known to be dominating organisms in the human vaginal microbiome. Lactobacillus still cultures produced lactic acid, leading to time- and concentration-dependent killing of C. trachomatis. Neutralization of the acidic media completely reversed chlamydia killing. Addition of lactic acid into Lactobacillus-unconditioned growth medium recapitulated the chlamydiacidal activity of conditioned media. The H2O2 concentrations in the still cultures were found to be comparable to those reported for the cervicovaginal fluid, but insufficient to inactivate chlamydiae. Aeration of Lactobacillus cultures by shaking markedly induced H2O2 production, but strongly inhibited Lactobacillus growth and lactic acid production, and thus severely affected acidification, leading to significantly reduced chlamydiacidal efficiency. These observations indicate lactobacilli inactivate chlamydiae primarily through maintaining acidity in a relatively hypoxic environment in the vaginal lumen with limited H2O2, which is consistent with the notion that women with higher vaginal pH are more prone to sexually transmitted C. trachomatis infection. In addition to lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid also exhibited potent chlamydiacidal activities. Taken together, our findings imply that lowering the vaginal pH through engineering of the vaginal microbiome and other means will make women less susceptible to C. trachomatis infection.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Ding H;Gong S;Tian Y;Yang Z;Brunham R;Zhong G
通讯作者：
Zhong G
DOI：
10.1086/657320
发表时间：
2010-12-15
期刊：
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brotman RM;Klebanoff MA;Nansel TR;Yu KF;Andrews WW;Zhang J;Schwebke JR
通讯作者：
Schwebke JR
影响因子：
4
作者：
Jin, L.;Tao, L.;Wawer, M.
通讯作者：
Wawer, M.
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
KLEBANOFF, SJ;HILLIER, SL;WALTERSDORPH, AM
通讯作者：
WALTERSDORPH, AM
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Giles, Teresa N.;Fisher, Derek J.;Graham, David E.
通讯作者：
Graham, David E.