Ontogeny of neural circuits underlying spatial memory in the rat.
Ontogeny of neural circuits underlying spatial memory in the rat.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncir.2012.00008
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Langston RF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ainge JA;Langston RF
在人类和啮齿动物中，空间记忆都是一种典型的心理功能。托尔曼在1948年首次描述了认知地图的神经实例化，这些系统包括海马区的定位细胞、内侧嗅觉皮质的网格细胞和大脑中许多结构中的头部方向细胞，这些系统的组合计算被认为是认知地图的神经实例化。然而，虽然我们对成年人空间表征背后的神经机制的理解相对复杂，但我们对这个网络如何在幼年动物身上发展知之甚少。在这篇文章中，我们简要回顾了考察这些系统所遵循的发展时间尺度的研究。来自幼年大鼠的电生理记录表明，定向信息在导航经验开始时是成人水平的。然而，支持分心记忆的系统需要更长的时间才能成熟。这与对年轻大鼠的行为研究是一致的，这些研究表明，基于头部方向的空间记忆发展得很早，但异心空间记忆需要更长的时间才能成熟。我们接着报告了新的数据，表明物体与其空间位置之间的联系的记忆比单独发展物体的记忆要慢。这再次与之前的报告一致，该报告表明，类似于成人的空间表征在大鼠中具有长期的发展，也表明参与处理非空间刺激的系统更早上线。
Spatial memory is a well-characterized psychological function in both humans and rodents. The combined computations of a network of systems including place cells in the hippocampus, grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex and head direction cells found in numerous structures in the brain have been suggested to form the neural instantiation of the cognitive map as first described by Tolman in 1948. However, while our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying spatial representations in adults is relatively sophisticated, we know substantially less about how this network develops in young animals. In this article we briefly review studies examining the developmental timescale that these systems follow. Electrophysiological recordings from very young rats show that directional information is at adult levels at the outset of navigational experience. The systems supporting allocentric memory, however, take longer to mature. This is consistent with behavioral studies of young rats which show that spatial memory based on head direction develops very early but that allocentric spatial memory takes longer to mature. We go on to report new data demonstrating that memory for associations between objects and their spatial locations is slower to develop than memory for objects alone. This is again consistent with previous reports suggesting that adult like spatial representations have a protracted development in rats and also suggests that the systems involved in processing non-spatial stimuli come online earlier.
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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