Self-medication with antibiotics for the treatment of menstrual symptoms in Southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.
Self-medication with antibiotics for the treatment of menstrual symptoms in Southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2458-10-610
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发表时间：
2010-10-15
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Ojo KK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sapkota AR;Coker ME;Rosenberg Goldstein RE;Atkinson NL;Sweet SJ;Sopeju PO;Ojo MT;Otivhia E;Ayepola OO;Olajuyigbe OO;Shireman L;Pottinger PS;Ojo KK
自行用药是导致细菌产生抗生素耐药性的重要因素。本研究的目的是评估尼日利亚西南部大学妇女使用抗生素自我治疗月经症状的流行程度。2008年对尼日利亚西南部四所大学的女本科生和研究生（n = 706）进行了横断面调查。选取的大学为方便起见，每所大学内的研究样本为随机抽取的整群样本。该调查是自我管理的，包括有关月经症状、止痛药和抗生素使用模式以及人口统计学的问题。数据分析采用描述性统计和逻辑回归。回复率为95.4%。86% （95% CI: 83-88%）的参与者经历了月经症状，39% （95% CI: 36-43%）的参与者报告使用止痛药治疗。总体而言，24% （95% CI: 21-27%）的参与者报告使用抗生素自行治疗以下月经症状：痉挛、腹胀、大出血、头痛、丘疹/痤疮、喜怒无常、乳房柔软、背痛、关节和肌肉疼痛。与这种用法相关的因素是：教育水平较低（优势比（OR）： 2.8, 95% CI: 1.1-7.1， p值：0.03）；非理科专业（OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.03-2.50， p值：0.04）；镇痛药的使用（OR: 3.17, 95% CI: 2.07-4.86， p值<0.001）；轻度至极度大出血（OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.01-2.67， p值：0.05）和丘疹/痤疮（OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 0.98-2.54， p值：0.06）。以氨苄西林、四环素、环丙沙星、甲硝唑治疗症状最多。医生或护士（6%，95%置信区间：4-7%）、朋友（6%，95%置信区间：4-7%）和家庭成员（7%，95%置信区间：5-8%）最有可能建议使用抗生素治疗月经症状，而这些药物最常从当地化学家或药剂师那里获得（10.2%，95%置信区间：8-12%）。这是第一项正式研究报告，在尼日利亚西南部接受调查的大学妇女中，约有四分之一的人使用抗生素自行治疗月经症状。这种做法可以为使用者提供每月低剂量的抗生素暴露。自我药疗对学生健康的影响有待进一步研究。
Self-medication with antibiotics is an important factor contributing to the development of bacterial antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics for the treatment of menstrual symptoms among university women in Southwest Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey was administered to female undergraduate and graduate students (n = 706) at four universities in Southwest Nigeria in 2008. The universities were selected by convenience and the study samples within each university were randomly selected cluster samples. The survey was self-administered and included questions pertaining to menstrual symptoms, analgesic and antibiotic use patterns, and demographics. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The response rate was 95.4%. Eighty-six percent (95% CI: 83-88%) of participants experienced menstrual symptoms, and 39% (95% CI: 36-43%) reported using analgesics to treat them. Overall, 24% (95% CI: 21-27%) of participants reported self-medicated use of antibiotics to treat the following menstrual symptoms: cramps, bloating, heavy bleeding, headaches, pimples/acne, moodiness, tender breasts, backache, joint and muscle pain. Factors associated with this usage were: lower levels of education (Odds Ratio (OR): 2.8, 95% CI: 1.1-7.1, p-value: 0.03); non-science major (OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.03-2.50, p-value: 0.04); usage of analgesics (OR: 3.17, 95% CI: 2.07-4.86, p-value: <0.001); and mild to extreme heavy bleeding (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.01-2.67, p-value: 0.05) and pimples/acne (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 0.98-2.54, p-value: 0.06). Ampicillin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and metronidazole were used to treat the most symptoms. Doctors or nurses (6%, 95% CI: 4-7%), friends (6%, 95% CI: 4-7%) and family members (7%, 95% CI: 5-8%) were most likely to recommend the use of antibiotics for menstrual symptoms, while these drugs were most often obtained from local chemists or pharmacists (10.2%, 95% CI: 8-12%). This is the first formal study to report that approximately 1 out of 4 university women surveyed in Southwest Nigeria self-medicate with antibiotics to treat menstrual symptoms. This practice could provide monthly, low-dose exposures to antibiotics among users. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the impacts of self-medication on student health.
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DOI：
10.1016/0924-8579(94)00064-2
发表时间：
1995-07-01
影响因子：
10.8
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1007/978-0-387-89370-9_17
发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
影响因子：
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作者：
Okeke, Iruka N.;Ojo, Kayode K.
通讯作者：
Ojo, Kayode K.