The contributions of sporophytic tapetum to pollen formation

The contributions of sporophytic tapetum to pollen formation
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孢子体绒毡层对花粉形成的贡献

DOI:
10.48130/seedbio-2022-0005
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Seed Biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Zhong-Nan Yang
Zhong-Nan Yang
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xiaozhen Yao;Wen Hu;Zhong-Nan Yang

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成功的花粉形成是植物繁殖所必需的。在花药发育过程中,小孢子母细胞减数分裂形成四分体。小孢子从四分体中释放出来后发育成成熟的花粉。绒毡层是花药体细胞的最内层,形成一个子房室,为小孢子发育提供营养、酶和花粉壁材料。基于雄性不育表型,许多与绒毡层和花粉发育有关的基因已被克隆。在本文中,我们重点介绍了DYT1-TDF1-AMS-MS188-MS1在拟南芥绒毡层发育中的遗传途径。我们还比较了不同物种(如拟南芥、水稻和玉米)的这种遗传途径。基于这一途径,我们综述了在分子水平上绒毡层对花粉形成的贡献的最新发现和见解。1)绒毡层为小孢子发育提供营养。2)绒毡层提供酶以溶解果胶和城市胶,从而从四分体中释放小孢子。3)绒毡层通过不同的分子途径合成花粉壁形成的前体。4)绒毡层为花粉被的形成提供了前体。5)绒毡层提供小的RNA来调节生殖系细胞中的基因甲基化。孢子体绒毡层对花粉形成的贡献。
Successful pollen formation is essential for plant reproduction. During anther development, microspore mother cells undergo meiosis to form tetrads. After being released from the tetrad, microspores develop into mature pollen. The tapetum is the innermost layer of anther somatic cells and forms a locule to provide nutrition, enzymes and pollen wall materials for microspore development. Based on the male sterile phenotype, many genes important for tapetum and pollen development have been cloned. In this review, we highlight the genetic pathway of DYT1-TDF1-AMS-MS188-MS1 which acts in tapetal development in Arabidopsis . We also compared this genetic pathway in different species such as Arabidopsis , rice and maize. Based on this pathway, we review recent findings and insights into the contribution of the tapetum to pollen formation at the molecular level. 1) Tapetum provides nutrition for microspore development. 2) Tapetum provides enzymes to dissolve pectin and callose to release microspores from tetrads. 3) Tapetum synthesizes precursors for pollen wall formation via different molecular pathways. 4) Tapetum provides precursors for pollen coat formation. 5) Tapetum provides small RNAs to regulate genic methylation in the germline cells. The contributions of sporophytic tapetum to pollen formation.
绒毡层 3-酮脂酰辅酶 A 合成酶参与拟南芥花粉-柱头相互作用的花粉皮脂质积累
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