The myogenic response: established facts and attractive hypotheses.
The myogenic response: established facts and attractive hypotheses.
复制标题
肌源性反应：既定事实和有吸引力的假设。
作者：
Rudolf Schubert;Michael J. Mulvany
小动脉和小动脉的肌源性反应已被证明对不同血管床的自我调节有重要贡献。它的特点是血管收缩后增加的跨壁压力和血管扩张后减少的跨壁压力。这篇综述检查了肌源性反应机制的证据，目的是区分事实和假设。似乎可以确定的是，肌生成反应是由血管壁张力的改变刺激的，它不需要内皮的存在，对于压力增加，它伴随着膜去极化和细胞内Ca2+浓度的增加，这主要取决于通过电压操作的钙通道的细胞外钙的流入。在体外条件下，它可以进一步被认为是一个既定的事实，即肌生成反应可以被递质调节，如去甲肾上腺素和内皮细胞激活时释放的因子。相比之下，肌原性反应的许多其他方面仍然是假设的。因此，去极化的机制，它对肌生成反应的重要性，钙流入的其他途径的参与，以及细胞内钙释放在肌生成反应中的作用仍在争论中。此外，多种细胞内第二信使系统（即肌醇三磷酸、二酰基甘油、磷脂酶A2、蛋白激酶C或20-羟基二十碳四烯酸）是否参与了肌生成反应尚不清楚。此外，血压脉动、邻近血管段的远程信号以及不同代谢物的作用尚未明确。这篇综述表明，虽然肌源性反应的主要机制已经被很好地理解，但信号通路的细节仍然不明确。肌源性反应的临床意义仍有待确定。
The myogenic response of small arteries and arterioles has been shown to contribute significantly to autoregulation in different vascular beds. It is characterized by a constriction of the vessel after an increase of transmural pressure and a dilation of the vessel after a decrease of transmural pressure. This review examines the evidence for the mechanisms of the myogenic response, with the aim of distinguishing between facts and hypotheses. It appears to be established that the myogenic response is stimulated by an alteration of vessel wall tension, that it does not require the presence of the endothelium and, for pressure increases, that it is accompanied by a membrane depolarization and an increase of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which depends largely on an influx of extracellular calcium via voltage-operated calcium channels. Under in vitro conditions, it may further be considered an established fact that the myogenic response can be modulated by transmitters, like noradrenaline, and factors released from the endothelium upon its activation. In contrast, many other aspects of the myogenic response remain hypothetical. Thus, the mechanism of the depolarization, its importance for the development of the myogenic response, the participation of other pathways for calcium influx, and the role of an intracellular calcium release in the myogenic response are still under debate. Furthermore, the participation of a variety of intracellular second messenger systems in the myogenic response, i.e. inositol trisphosphate, diacylglycerol, phospholipase A2, protein kinase C or 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, is still unclear. Additionally, the roles of the pulsatility of the blood pressure and of remote signals from neighbouring vessel segments as well as of different metabolites are not clarified. This review suggests that while the primary mechanisms of the myogenic response are well understood, the details of the signalling pathways are still undefined. The clinical significance of the myogenic response remains to be determined.
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpcell.1993.265.1.c299
发表时间：
1993-07
期刊：
The American journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
B. E. Robertson;R. Schubert;Jorgen Hescheler;M. Nelson
通讯作者：
B. E. Robertson;R. Schubert;Jorgen Hescheler;M. Nelson
离体股薄肌小动脉生肌反应的特征和起源。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.1994.266.3.h1177
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
The American journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sun,D;Kaley,G;Koller,A
通讯作者：
Koller,A
DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.1992.263.5.h1486
发表时间：
1992-11
期刊：
The American journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Sun;E. Messina;G. Kaley;A. Koller
通讯作者：
D. Sun;E. Messina;G. Kaley;A. Koller
非化学去除内皮后犬小肾动脉的肌源性激活。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.1994.267.1.h302
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
The American journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Liu,Y;Harder,DR;Lombard,JH
通讯作者：
Lombard,JH
影响因子：
20.1
作者：
Paul A. Zimmermann;H. Knot;Andra S. Stevenson;Mark Nelson
通讯作者：
Paul A. Zimmermann;H. Knot;Andra S. Stevenson;Mark Nelson