Free-fatty acid receptor-4 (GPR120): Cellular and molecular function and its role in metabolic disorders.

Free-fatty acid receptor-4 (GPR120): Cellular and molecular function and its role in metabolic disorders.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bcp.2016.01.021
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发表时间:
2016-06-15
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Moniri NH
Moniri NH
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Moniri NH

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在过去的十年中,已经发现了一个由内源性和膳食游离脂肪酸(FFA)激动的G蛋白偶联受体亚家族。这些游离脂肪酸受体包括FFA 2和FFA 3,它们被短链FFA激动,以及FFA 1和FFA 4,它们被中链至长链FFA激动。FFA 1和FFA 4的配体包括长链多不饱和ω-3脂肪酸家族,包括α-亚麻酸(ALA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA),这表明这些脂肪的许多长期已知的有益作用可能是受体介导的。在这方面,FFA 4由于其在缓解炎症、促进胰岛素敏化和响应FFA配体调节能量代谢中的作用而引起了相当大的兴趣。这篇综述的目的是总结有关FFA 4信号转导的证据,其调节机制,以及其在各种组织中的功能作用。此外,还介绍了最近对发现调节FFA 4活性的小分子的努力。
Over the last decade, a subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors that are agonized by endogenous and dietary free-fatty acids (FFA) has been discovered. These free-fatty acid receptors include FFA2 and FFA3, which are agonized by short-chained FFA, as well as FFA1 and FFA4, which are agonized by medium-to-long chained FFA. Ligands for FFA1 and FFA4 comprise the family of long chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids including α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), suggesting that many of the long-known beneficial effects of these fats may be receptor mediated. In this regard, FFA4 has gathered considerable interest due to its role in ameliorating inflammation, promoting insulin sensitization, and regulating energy metabolism in response to FFA ligands. The goal of this review is to summarize the body of evidence in regard to FFA4 signal transduction, its mechanisms of regulation, and its functional role in a variety of tissues. In addition, recent endeavors toward discovery of small molecules that modulate FFA4 activity are also presented.
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