Study of locomotion response and development in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae exposed to enniatin A, enniatin B, and beauvericin.
Study of locomotion response and development in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae exposed to enniatin A, enniatin B, and beauvericin.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146075
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发表时间：
2021-07-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Engert F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Juan-García A;Juan C;Bind MA;Engert F
真菌毒素是由多种真菌产生的次生代谢物，污染食物和饲料资源，能够引起广泛的毒性。在此，我们研究了斑马鱼（Danio rerio）胚胎和幼虫暴露于三种真菌毒素：beauvericin （BEA）、enitatin A （ENN A）和enitatin B （ENN B）的发育和行为毒性。采集受精后的斑马鱼胚胎，分别用8、16、32和64 μM的BEA和3.12、6.25、12.5和25 μM的BEA处理1 ~ 6 dpf。分别在[32 + 12.5]μM和[16 + 6.25]μM下对BEA + ENN A和BEA + ENN B进行检测；ii)在[12.5 + 12.5]μM和[6.25 + 6.25]μM下的新奥A +新奥B； iii)在[32 + 12.5 + 12.5]μM和[16 + 6.25 + 6.25]μM下的BEA +新奥A +新奥B。在2小时的成像平台上，白光间歇出现5秒后收集反应。测量的结果是：死亡时间、对光的反应和昼夜节律。最后一个结果是在一个皿中测量的，在皿中胚胎在自然的明暗间隔中进化到第7天，或者在一个皿中保持黑暗。收集了所有阶段和进化的图像。结果表明，真菌毒素在检测浓度下具有诱导毒性。所有暴露的斑马鱼都会诱发发育缺陷，特别是孵化时间和运动活动。暴露后，鱼显示出增强的基线活动，但它们失去了对光的反应。
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by a variety of fungi that contaminate food and feed resources, and are capable of inducing a wide range of toxicity. Here, we studied the developmental and behavioral toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae exposed to three mycotoxins: beauvericin (BEA), Enniatin A (ENN A), and Ennitain B (ENN B). Zebrafish embryos were collected after fertilization, treated individually from 1 to 6 dpf with BEA at 8, 16, 32 and, 64 μM and for both enniatins at 3.12, 6.25, 12.5 and, 25 μM. Mixture of mycotoxins were assayed as follows: i) for BEA + ENN A and BEA + ENN B at [32 + 12.5] μM and [16 + 6.25] μM; ii) for ENN A + ENN B at [12.5 + 12.5] μM and [6.25 + 6.25] μM and, iii) for BEA + ENN A + ENN B at [32 + 12.5 + 12.5] μM and [16 + 6.25 + 6.25] μM. Response was collected after a white light-flash intermittent coming on for 5 seconds during 2 hours with a imaging platform. Outcomes measured were: time to death, response to light, and circadian rhythm. This last outcome was measured in a plate where embryos had evolved in natural intervals of light and dark until day 7 or in a plate maintained in darkness. Images of all stages and evolution were collected. Results indicated that mycotoxins induced toxicity at the concentrations tested. All exposed zebrafish induced developmental defects, specifically hatching time and motion activity. After exposure, fish showed enhanced baseline activity but they lost their responsiveness to light.
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