Gait and cognition: a complementary approach to understanding brain function and the risk of falling.
Gait and cognition: a complementary approach to understanding brain function and the risk of falling.
复制标题
步态和认知：一种理解大脑功能和跌倒风险的补充方法。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04209.x
复制
发表时间：
2012-11
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Hausdorff JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Montero-Odasso M;Verghese J;Beauchet O;Hausdorff JM
直到最近，临床医生和研究人员在评估老年人时，一直分别进行步态评估和认知评估。来自临床实践、流行病学研究和临床试验的越来越多的证据表明，老年人的步态和认知是相互关联的。老年人步态的可量化变化与跌倒、痴呆症和残疾有关。与此同时，新出现的证据表明，认知过程中的早期干扰，如注意力、执行功能和工作记忆，与单任务和双任务测试中步态较慢和步态不稳定有关，这些认知障碍有助于预测未来的行动能力丧失、摔倒和发展为痴呆症。本文综述了步态-认知相互关系在衰老中的重要性，并提出证据表明，步态评估可以为临床实践中了解老年人的认知功能和功能障碍以及跌倒风险提供一个窗口。为此，总结了双任务步态评估(例如，在执行要求注意力的任务时行走)作为跌倒风险标志的好处。此外，我们还提出了一种潜在的补充方法，通过非药物治疗和药物治疗改善认知的某些方面，以减少跌倒的风险。弄清早期步态障碍和早期认知变化之间的关系，可能有助于识别老年人经历活动能力下降、摔倒和进展为痴呆症的更高风险。
Until recently, clinicians and researchers have performed gait assessments and cognitive assessments separately when evaluating older adults. Increasing evidence from clinical practice, epidemiological studies, and clinical trials shows that gait and cognition are inter-related in older adults. Quantifiable alterations in gait among older adults are associated with falls, dementia, and disability. At the same time, emerging evidence indicates that early disturbances in cognitive processes such as attention, executive function, and working memory are associated with slower gait and gait instability during single and dual-task testing, and that these cognitive disturbances assist in the prediction of future mobility loss, falls, and progression to dementia. This paper reviews the importance of the gait-cognition inter-relationship in aging and presents evidence that gait assessments can provide a window into the understanding of cognitive function and dysfunctions, and fall risk in older people in clinical practice. To this end, the benefits of dual-task gait assessments (e.g., walking while performing an attention-demanding task) as a marker of fall risk are summarized. Further, we also present a potential complementary approach for reducing the risk of falls by improving certain aspects of cognition through both non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments. Untangling the relationship between early gait disturbances and early cognitive changes may be helpful for identifying older adults at higher risk of experiencing mobility decline, falls and the progression to dementia.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
--
作者：
Lopez, OL;Jagust, WJ;Kuller, LH
通讯作者：
Kuller, LH
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Montero-Odasso M;Bergman H;Phillips NA;Wong CH;Sourial N;Chertkow H
通讯作者：
Chertkow H
影响因子：
--
作者：
Buracchio, Teresa;Dodge, Hiroko H.;Howieson, Diane;Wasserman, Dara;Kaye, Jeffrey
通讯作者：
Kaye, Jeffrey
影响因子：
9.9
作者：
Chung, Kathryn A.;Lobb, Brenna M.;Horak, Fay B.
通讯作者：
Horak, Fay B.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Camicioli, Richard;Majumdar, Sumit R.
通讯作者：
Majumdar, Sumit R.