Synthetic AIDS vaccine by targeting HIV receptor.

Synthetic AIDS vaccine by targeting HIV receptor.
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通过靶向HIV受体合成艾滋病疫苗。

DOI:
10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00432-2
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发表时间:
2002
期刊:
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Hanson,CarlV
Hanson,CarlV
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang,ChangYi;Shen,Ming;Tam,Gary;Fang,XinDe;Ye,John;Shen,Fan;Walfield,AlanM;Wang,JamesJG;Li,MingLie;Li,XuanMao;Salas,Maria;Shearer,MichaelH;Kennedy,RonaldC;Hanson,CarlV

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一类针对细胞表面 HIV 受体复合物的合成肽免疫原已被开发出来,以引发通过抑制 gp120-CD4 相互作用来阻止病毒进入的抗体。这些肽将我们的 HIV 受体导向方法从 mAb B4 的被动免疫疗法 (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (1999) 10367) 扩展到基于合成肽的疫苗的主动免疫。 CD4 的肽位点被鉴定为 B 细胞表位,能够模拟 HIV 受体复合物上的易感位点,然后赋予免疫原性。通过表位作图从多种 CD4 和趋化因子受体肽中选择细胞表面 HIV 受体复合物的有效靶抗原位点(B 细胞表位)。它是从 CD4 (AA 39-66) 的 CDR2 样结构域修饰而来的环化序列,预计会对 mAb B4 的不连续识别位点产生空间位阻。通过与混杂的 T 辅助细胞表位 (Th) 串联组合,增强了目标表位的免疫原性。对此类免疫原的抗体反应达到了足够的浓度和正确特异性的亲和力,以阻断 HIV 包膜糖蛋白与细胞受体的相互作用,并预防感染。在多种动物物种中针对这些融合构建体产生的多克隆抗体中和了从A到E进化枝的多种HIV-1初级分离株。尽管引发了针对关键CD4免疫调节分子的抗体,但位点特异性和化学成分确定的免疫原在狒狒中没有表现出明显的免疫毒性,并且具有用于HIV感染的免疫治疗和免疫预防的潜力。
A class of synthetic peptide immunogens for the cell surface HIV receptor complex has been developed to elicit antibodies that block viral entry by inhibiting gp120-CD4 interaction. These peptides extend our HIV receptor-directed approach from passive immunotherapy with mAb B4 (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (1999) 10367) to active immunization by a synthetic peptide-based vaccine. A peptide site from CD4 was identified as a B cell epitope capable of mimicking a susceptible site on the HIV receptor complex, and then rendered immunogenic. An effective target antigenic site (B cell epitope) for the cell surface HIV receptor complex was selected by epitope mapping from among diverse CD4 and chemokine receptor peptides. It is a cyclized sequence modified from the CDR2-like domain of CD4 (AA 39–66), that was predicted to produce steric hindrance of the discontinuous recognition site of mAb B4. The immunogenicity of the targeted epitope was augmented by tandem combination with promiscuous T helper cell epitopes (Th). The antibody response to this class of immunogens attained sufficient concentrations and affinities of the correct specificity to block the interactions of HIV env glycoprotein with the cellular receptor, and prevent infection. The polyclonal antibodies generated against these fusion constructs in multiple animal species neutralized a broad array of HIV-1 primary isolates from clades A to E. Despite eliciting antibodies to the key CD4 immunomodulatory molecule, the site-specific and chemically defined immunogens displayed no overt immunotoxicity in baboons and have potential for the immunotherapy and immunoprophylaxis of HIV infection.
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