Degrees of maturity: the complex structure and biology of flaviviruses.

Degrees of maturity: the complex structure and biology of flaviviruses.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coviro.2012.02.011
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发表时间:
2012-04
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Diamond, Michael S.
Diamond, Michael S.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pierson, Theodore C.;Diamond, Michael S.

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黄病毒是以pH依赖性方式进入靶细胞的小包膜病毒体。病毒附着、进入和膜融合是由包膜蛋白(E)和前膜蛋白(prM)精心策划的,这两种蛋白质显示在病毒粒子表面。黄病毒组装为未成熟的非感染性形式,prM和E在其上形成三聚体刺突。在从受感染的细胞流出期间,黄病毒经历显著的结构变化,其特征在于形成平贴病毒体表面的E蛋白的人字形排列和细胞蛋白酶弗林蛋白酶切割prM蛋白。结果是一个相对光滑的、有感染性的成熟病毒体。这个动态过程现在在原子水平上的结构细节中得到了理解。然而,最近的研究表明,许多从细胞释放的病毒粒子共享未成熟和成熟病毒颗粒的结构特征。这些嵌合和部分成熟的病毒粒子是感染性的,并与靶细胞和宿主免疫应答独特地相互作用。在这里,我们将讨论我们的生物学和部分成熟的黄病毒的意义的理解的最新进展。
Flaviviruses are small enveloped virions that enter target cells in a pH-dependent fashion. Virus attachment, entry, and membrane fusion are orchestrated by the envelope (E) and pre-membrane (prM) proteins, the two structural proteins displayed on the surface of virions. Flaviviruses assemble as an immature non-infectious form onto which prM and E form trimeric spikes. During egress from infected cells, flaviviruses undergo dramatic structural changes characterized by the formation of a herringbone arrangement of E proteins that lay flat against the surface of the virion and cleavage of the prM protein by the cellular protease furin. The result is a relatively smooth, infectious mature virion. This dynamic process is now understood in structural detail at the atomic level. However, recent studies indicate that many of the virions released from cells share structural features of both immature and mature virus particles. These mosaic and partially mature virions are infectious and interact uniquely with target cells and the host immune response. Here, we will discuss recent advances in our understanding of the biology and significance of partially mature flaviviruses.
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