Elevated responding to safe conditions as a specific risk factor for anxiety versus depressive disorders: evidence from a longitudinal investigation.
Elevated responding to safe conditions as a specific risk factor for anxiety versus depressive disorders: evidence from a longitudinal investigation.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0025738
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发表时间：
2012-05
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Ornitz, Edward
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Craske, Michelle G.;Wolitzky-Taylor, Kate B.;Mineka, Susan;Zinbarg, Richard;Waters, Allison M.;Vrshek-Schallhorn, Suzanne;Epstein, Alyssa;Naliboff, Bruce;Ornitz, Edward
目前的研究评估了安全条件下与危险条件下的惊吓反射（SR）对焦虑症发作的预测程度。与单相抑郁症相比并考虑神经质水平，评估了这些对焦虑症影响的特异性。作为检查情绪障碍危险因素的纵向研究的一部分，对 132 名正常青少年进行了基线惊吓范式。参与者重复进行八次安全危险序列，并被告知只有在危险情况的后期才会发生导致手臂肌肉收缩的厌恶刺激。在安全危险序列的中间发生了一种厌恶刺激。在接下来的 3 至 4 年内，每年都会对参与者的焦虑和单相抑郁症发作情况进行评估。在安全条件下，传递厌恶刺激后，较大的 SR 幅度预示着焦虑症随后的首次发作。此外，对焦虑症发作的预测仍然显着高于共病单相抑郁、神经质和厌恶刺激强度的主观评级的影响。总之，在厌恶刺激后对安全条件的反应增强似乎是焦虑症首次发作的一个特定的、前瞻性的危险因素。
The current study evaluated the degree to which startle reflexes (SRs) in safe conditions versus danger conditions were predictive of the onset of anxiety disorders. Specificity of these effects to anxiety disorders was evaluated in comparison to unipolar depressive disorders and with consideration of level of neuroticism. A startle paradigm was administered at baseline to 132 nondisordered adolescents as part of a longitudinal study examining risk factors for emotional disorders. Participants underwent a repetition of eight safe-danger sequences and were told that delivery of an aversive stimulus leading to a muscle contraction of the arm would occur only in the late part of danger conditions. One aversive stimulus occurred midway in the safe-danger sequences. Participants were assessed for the onset of anxiety and unipolar depressive disorders annually over the next 3 to 4 years. Larger SR magnitude during safe conditions following delivery of the aversive stimulus predicted the subsequent first onset of anxiety disorders. Moreover, prediction of the onset of anxiety disorders remained significant above and beyond the effects of comorbid unipolar depression, neuroticism, and subjective ratings of intensity of the aversive stimulus. In sum, elevated responding to safe conditions following an aversive stimulus appears to be a specific, prospective risk factor for the first onset of anxiety disorders.
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影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Grillon, C;Warner, V;Weissman, MM
通讯作者：
Weissman, MM
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Claridge, G;Davis, C
通讯作者：
Davis, C
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Grillon, C;Morgan, CA
通讯作者：
Morgan, CA
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
GRACELY, RH;MCGRATH, P;DUBNER, R
通讯作者：
DUBNER, R
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kessler, RC;Berglund, P;Walters, EE
通讯作者：
Walters, EE