Behavioral economics and the aggregate versus proximal impact of sociality on heavy drinking.
Behavioral economics and the aggregate versus proximal impact of sociality on heavy drinking.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108523
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Strickland JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Acuff SF;Stoops WW;Strickland JC
行为经济学理论预测，饮酒的决定是成本效益分析，当利益超过成本时，就会发生大量的间歇性饮酒。社交互动是与酒精使用相关的已知益处。虽然大量饮酒通常被认为是更有可能在更多的社会饮酒事件，人谁喝了大量的孤立往往报告更严重的使用。本研究明确地分解了人与人之间的社会性对重度发作性饮酒的影响，并研究了行为经济学调节因素。我们在通过众包（mTurk; N=223）招募的社区成人样本中使用了18周的日常调查数据。行为经济学指标进行了检查，以确定宏观的人的水平变量（酒精需求，延迟折扣，酒精相关的比例强化[R-比率]）与事件水平的社会背景相互作用，以预测大量饮酒事件。混合效应模型表明，人与人之间和人与人之间的社会背景关联显着。具体来说，在社交场合中总饮酒次数比例较高的人酗酒的几率降低，而在特定饮酒场合的社交场合中与酗酒的几率增加有关。个人层面的R-比率，需求弹性，和断点变量与社会背景相互作用，以预测重度发作性饮酒，这样的事件层面的社会背景关联更强时，R-比率，酒精价格不敏感性，和需求断点高。这些结果证明了一种生态谬误，其中效应的大小和方向在不同的分析水平上是不同的，并强调了将行为经济变量与近端背景效应合并来预测大量饮酒的潜力。
Behavioral economic theory predicts decisions to drink are cost benefit analyses, and heavy episodic drinking occurs when benefits outweigh costs. Social interaction is a known benefit associated with alcohol use. Although heavy drinking is typically considered more likely during more social drinking events, people who drink heavily in isolation tend to report greater severity of use. This study explicitly disaggregates between-person and within-person effects of sociality on heavy episodic drinking and examines behavioral economic moderators. We used day-level survey data over an 18-week period in a community adult sample recruited through crowdsourcing (mTurk; N=223). Behavioral economic indices were examined to determine if macro person-level variables (alcohol demand, delay discounting, proportionate alcohol-related reinforcement [R-ratio]) interact with event-level social context to predict heavy drinking episodes. Mixed effect models indicated significant between-person and within-person social context associations. Specifically, people with a higher proportion of total drinking occasions in social contexts had decreased odds of heavy drinking, whereas being in a social context for a specific drinking occasion was associated with increased odds of heavy drinking. Person-level R-Ratio, demand elasticity, and breakpoint variables interacted with social context to predict heavy episodic drinking, such that the event-level social context association was stronger when R-Ratios, alcohol price insensitivity, and demand breakpoints were high. These results demonstrate an ecological fallacy, in which the size and direction of effects were divergent at different levels of analysis, and highlight the potential for merging behavioral economic variables with proximal contextual effects to predict heavy drinking.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
MacKillop, James;Amlung, Michael T.;Few, Lauren R.;Ray, Lara A.;Sweet, Lawrence H.;Munafo, Marcus R.
通讯作者：
Munafo, Marcus R.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Koffarnus, Mikhail N.;Franck, Christopher T.;Bickel, Warren K.
通讯作者：
Bickel, Warren K.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Koffarnus, Mikhail N.;Bickel, Warren K.
通讯作者：
Bickel, Warren K.
DOI：
10.1111/acer.14351
发表时间：
2020-07
期刊：
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
影响因子：
--
作者：
Acuff SF;MacKillop J;Murphy JG
通讯作者：
Murphy JG
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Hursh, Steven R.;Roma, Peter G.
通讯作者：
Roma, Peter G.