Isolated cortical computations during delta waves support memory consolidation
Isolated cortical computations during delta waves support memory consolidation
复制标题
δ 波期间的独立皮质计算支持记忆巩固
作者：
Ralitsa Todorova;Michaël Zugaro
皮质安静状态下的特殊时刻 Delta 波是广泛存在的皮质安静时刻，在慢波睡眠期间与活跃状态交替出现。然而，经过仔细检查，可以在 δ 波期间检测到单个神经元动作电位。 Todorova 和 Zugaro 试图确定这种神经元噪音是否可能是一个重要信号（参见 Ikegaya 和 Matsumoto 的观点）。他们发现，δ波期间持续的动作电位放电是一种被忽视但普遍存在的现象，它可能涉及所有神经元和所有δ波。 δ波的一个关键作用可能是隔离响应海马体重放而发生的特定皮层计算，并参与记忆巩固。科学，本期第 14 页。 377；另见 p. 306 在皮质低状态事件期间，海马输出激活特定的皮质神经元组。 Delta 波被描述为整个皮层的普遍沉默周期，它们与内源性活动周期的交替导致了慢波睡眠的缓慢振荡。尽管有证据表明δ波有助于记忆巩固，但它们在重塑皮质功能回路中的具体作用仍然令人费解。在大鼠模型中，我们发现δ波并不是完全沉默的时期，并且残余活动不仅仅是神经元噪音。相反，参与学习空间记忆任务的皮层细胞随后在δ波期间形成细胞集合，以响应波纹期间海马体整体的短暂重新激活。这个过程在内源性或诱导性记忆巩固过程中选择性地发生。因此，δ波代表了与记忆巩固基础上正在进行的信息处理密切相关的孤立的皮层计算。
Special moments at cortical quiet states Delta waves are moments of widespread cortical silence that alternate with active states during slow-wave sleep. However, upon closer examination, single neuronal action potentials can be detected during delta waves. Todorova and Zugaro sought to determine whether this neuronal noise could instead be an important signal (see the Perspective by Ikegaya and Matsumoto). They found that persisting action potential firing during delta waves is an overlooked but widespread phenomenon, which could potentially involve all neurons and all delta waves. A critical role of the delta wave may be to insulate specific cortical computations taking place in response to hippocampal replay and involved in memory consolidation. Science, this issue p. 377; see also p. 306 During cortical down-state events, hippocampal output activates specific groups of cortical neurons. Delta waves have been described as periods of generalized silence across the cortex, and their alternation with periods of endogenous activity results in the slow oscillation of slow-wave sleep. Despite evidence that delta waves are instrumental for memory consolidation, their specific role in reshaping cortical functional circuits remains puzzling. In a rat model, we found that delta waves are not periods of complete silence and that the residual activity is not mere neuronal noise. Instead, cortical cells involved in learning a spatial memory task subsequently formed cell assemblies during delta waves in response to transient reactivation of hippocampal ensembles during ripples. This process occurred selectively during endogenous or induced memory consolidation. Thus, delta waves represent isolated cortical computations tightly related to ongoing information processing underlying memory consolidation.
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