Insecticide susceptibility of Phlebotomus argentipes in visceral leishmaniasis endemic districts in India and Nepal.
Insecticide susceptibility of Phlebotomus argentipes in visceral leishmaniasis endemic districts in India and Nepal.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0000859
复制
发表时间：
2010-10-26
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Coosemans M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dinesh DS;Das ML;Picado A;Roy L;Rijal S;Singh SP;Das P;Boelaert M;Coosemans M
在两个具有不同杀虫剂接触史的国家（印度和尼泊尔）调查导致内脏利什曼病（VL）的多诺瓦利什曼病媒——阿根廷白蛉（lebotomus argentipes）对DDT和溴氰菊酯的敏感性。使用4%滴滴涕和0.05%溴氰菊酯浸渍纸采用了世卫组织标准检测程序。研究了雌蝇生理状态（饲养和未饲养）对生物测定结果的影响，并对一个种群的溴氰菊酯最佳暴露时间进行了评价。对两国的现场种群进行了测试。喂食和未喂食的雌性反应相似。滴滴涕和溴氰菊酯的现场暴露时间均为60 min。在比哈尔邦，DDT击倒率和死亡率分别为20%和43%。在尼泊尔，除了与比哈尔邦接壤的地区（死亡率62%），几乎所有的沙蝇都被杀死了。0.05%的溴氰菊酯对两个地区的沙蝇的杀灭率均在96%至100%之间。根据文献和现有数据，4%滴滴涕和0.05%溴氰菊酯似乎是可接受的区分浓度，以区分耐药人群和易感人群。在比哈尔邦和尼泊尔的一个边境村庄证实对滴滴涕有抗药性，但在尼泊尔境内的村庄，沙蝇仍然易感，这些村庄只使用合成拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂进行室内喷洒。在比哈尔邦，室内喷洒滴滴涕控制VL的效果较低，部分原因是这种抗药性，因此应试验其他种类的杀虫剂。两国阿根廷沙蝇对溴氰菊酯敏感。内脏利什曼病（VL），也被称为黑热病，是印度、尼泊尔和孟加拉国的主要公共卫生问题之一。在印度次大陆，VL是由由阿根廷白蛉传播的多诺瓦利什曼原虫引起的。迄今为止，室内残留喷洒（IRS）运动未能控制该病。据推测，病媒对所使用杀虫剂的耐药性是解释这一失败的可能原因之一。在该区域进行的一些研究表明，在广泛使用滴滴涕进行室内滞留的地区（主要是印度），滴滴涕出现了不同程度的抗药性。然而，该地区没有协调和标准化的规划来监测对杀虫剂的耐药性。在本研究中，我们在印度和尼泊尔的VL流行村庄检测了阿根廷扁虱对DDT和溴氰菊酯的敏感性。结果证实在印度和尼泊尔的一个边境村庄有滴滴涕抗药性。来自这两个国家的阿根廷拟南蝇一般对溴氰菊酯敏感，溴氰菊酯是一些长效杀虫蚊帐中使用的一种杀虫剂。
To investigate the DDT and deltamethrin susceptibility of Phlebotomus argentipes, the vector of Leishmania donovani, responsible for visceral leishmaniasis (VL), in two countries (India and Nepal) with different histories of insecticide exposure. Standard WHO testing procedures were applied using 4% DDT and 0.05% deltamethrin impregnated papers. The effect of the physiological status (fed and unfed) of females on the outcome of the bioassays was assessed and the optimal time of exposure for deltamethrin was evaluated on a colony population. Field populations from both countries were tested. Fed and unfed females responded in a similar way. For exposure time on field samples 60 min was adopted for both DDT and deltamethrin. In Bihar, knockdown and mortality with DDT was respectively 20 and 43%. In Nepal almost all sand flies were killed, except at the border with Bihar (mortality 62%). With 0.05% deltamethrin, between 96 and 100% of the sand flies were killed in both regions. Based on literature and present data 4% DDT and 0.05% deltamethrin seem to be acceptable discriminating concentrations to separate resistant from susceptible populations. Resistance to DDT was confirmed in Bihar and in a border village of Nepal, but the sand flies were still susceptible in villages more inside Nepal where only synthetic pyrethroids are used for indoor spraying. The low effectiveness of indoor spraying with DDT in Bihar to control VL can be partially explained by this resistance hence other classes of insecticides should be tested. In both countries P. argentipes sand flies were susceptible to deltamethrin. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also know as kala azar, is one of the major public health concerns India, Nepal and Bangladesh. In the Indian subcontinent, VL is caused by Leishmania donovani which is transmitted by Phlebotomus argentipes. To date, Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) campaigns have been unable to control the disease. Vector resistance to the insecticides used has been postulated as one of the possible reasons explaining this failure. A number of studies in the region have shown a variable degree of resistance to DDT in areas where this insecticide has been widely used for IRS (mainly India). However there is no coordinated and standardized program to monitor resistance to insecticides in the region. In this study we tested P. argentipes susceptibility to DDT and deltamethrin in VL endemic villages in India and Nepal. The results confirmed the DDT resistance in India and in a border village of Nepal. P. argentipes from both countries were in general susceptible to deltamethrin, an insecticide used in some long lasting insecticidal nets.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Alexander, B.;Barros, V. C.;Reithinger, R.
通讯作者：
Reithinger, R.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Dinesh, Diwakar S.;Das, Pradeep;Coosemans, Marc
通讯作者：
Coosemans, Marc
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Koirala, S;Karki, P;Karki, BMS
通讯作者：
Karki, BMS
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Burniston, Ian;Roy, Lalita;Cameron, Mary
通讯作者：
Cameron, Mary
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Singh, Shri P.;Picado, Albert;Sundar, Shyam
通讯作者：
Sundar, Shyam