Physiological, antimicrobial, intestine morphological, and immunological effects of fructooligosaccharides in pigs.
Physiological, antimicrobial, intestine morphological, and immunological effects of fructooligosaccharides in pigs.
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DOI：
10.5194/aab-63-325-2020
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Czeglédi L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Csernus B;Czeglédi L
在猪的营养中，有些时期更需要抗生素的天然替代品，例如哺乳和断奶期间。低聚果糖（FOS）是一组益生元，被用作动物营养中的饲料成分，因为它们对生长性能、免疫参数、肠道微生物群和肠道形态具有积极的影响。因此，FOS可能是改善猪上述特性的候选分子。以往的研究将FOS定义为抑制病原体的活性和增加肠道中有益细菌的定植，尽管FOS的代谢产物降低肠道pH值。在一些研究中确定了对消化酶活性和蛋白质消化的有益影响。所有的三种类型的FOS（菊粉，低聚果聚糖，和短链FOS）促进肠道的微生物组成，通过增加乳酸杆菌，双歧杆菌，和普雷沃氏菌属的殖民地。FOS还直接和间接影响免疫应答，并增加疫苗特异性伊加、血清IgG和IgE水平。此外，FOS还能增强T细胞的活化，并改变某些细胞因子的分泌。补充FOS后，疫苗特异性IgG水平不能增加。在大多数情况下，FOS改变肠道形态学参数，如更长的绒毛，绒毛高度与隐窝深度比，以及更厚的粘膜，这可能表明更好的吸收功能。结果是矛盾的生长性能，这可能是影响的化学结构，持续时间和剂量的低聚果糖，因此需要进一步的研究。本文综述了低聚果糖在猪体内的免疫学、抗菌学、肠道形态学和生长性能等方面的研究进展。
In pig nutrition, there are some periods when natural alternatives to antibiotics are more required, such as during suckling and weaning. Fructooligosaccharides (FOSs) are a group of prebiotics applied as feed ingredients in animal nutrition since their positive effects on growth performance, immunological parameters, intestinal microbiota, and gut morphology are reported. Accordingly, FOS may be candidate molecules to improve the mentioned properties in pigs. Previous studies defined FOS as inhibiting the activity of pathogens and increasing the colonization of beneficial bacteria in the gut, although metabolites of FOS decreased the intestinal pH value. Beneficial effects on digestive-enzyme activities and on protein digestion were determined in some studies. All of the three types of FOS (inulin, oligomeric fructans, and short-chain FOSs) promoted the microbial composition of the gut by increasing the colonizations of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Prevotella genus. FOS also affected the immune response directly and indirectly and increased vaccine-specific IgA, serum IgG, and IgE levels. Moreover, FOS enhanced the activation of T cells and altered the secretions of some cytokines. Levels of vaccine-specific IgG could not be increased after FOS supplements. In most cases, FOS modified intestinal morphological parameters, such as longer villi, villus-height-to-crypt-depth ratio, and thicker mucosa, which could suggest better absorptive functions. Results are contradictory on growth performance, which might be influenced by the chemical structure, the duration, and the dose of FOS, so further studies are required. This review aims to gather information regarding immunological, antimicrobial, intestine morphological, and growth performance properties of fructooligosaccharides in pigs.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1002601107
发表时间：
2010-06-29
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Dominguez-Bello, Maria G.;Costello, Elizabeth K.;Knight, Rob
通讯作者：
Knight, Rob
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Campbell, JM;Fahey, GC;Wolf, BW
通讯作者：
Wolf, BW
影响因子：
2
作者：
Eberhard, Markus;Hennig, Ulf;Metges, Cornelia C.
通讯作者：
Metges, Cornelia C.
影响因子：
2
作者：
Demir, E;Sarica, S;Suiçmez, M
通讯作者：
Suiçmez, M
Yacon（Smallanthus sonchifolius）作为食物补充：促进健康的果糖含糖的益处。
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Caetano BF;de Moura NA;Almeida AP;Dias MC;Sivieri K;Barbisan LF
通讯作者：
Barbisan LF