Gonadectomy negatively impacts social behavior of adolescent male primates.
Gonadectomy negatively impacts social behavior of adolescent male primates.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2009.03.021
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发表时间：
2009-06
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Weickert CS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Richards AB;Morris RW;Ward S;Schmitz S;Rothmond DA;Noble PL;Woodward RA;Winslow JT;Weickert CS
灵长类动物青春期的社会行为发生巨大变化。然而，睾酮和其他性腺激素对于青少年社会行为发展的必要程度尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们确定性腺切除术会显着损害自然环境中的社会主导地位，并改变实验环境中对社会刺激的反应。恒河猴在 2.4 岁时被阉割 (n = 6) 或假手术 (n = 6)，群养 2 年，每周收集行为图。在青春期，性腺完整的猴子表现出从属行为的减少和主导行为的增加，这最终与社会地位和统治等级的上升有关。我们测量了猴子对三个年龄段（成人、同伴、婴儿）的同种动物的情绪面孔（恐惧、威胁、中立）的反应。完整的猴子在威胁或婴儿的面孔面前更快地取回食物，而被阉割的猴子对不同情绪面孔或年龄没有表现出不同的反应。没有发现对引起先天恐惧的物体（蛇）的反应存在群体差异。测试了对熟悉和不熟悉的同种动物的接近和接近反应，与倾向于花更多时间与熟悉的同种动物相比，完整的猴子花更多的时间接近新的同种动物。没有发现花在新奇或熟悉的物体上的时间存在群体差异。因此，性腺切除术导致对社会刺激的反应显着不同，但对非社会刺激则不然。我们的工作表明，完整的性腺是青春期循环睾酮水平增加所必需的，会影响灵长类动物青春期的社会行为。
Social behavior changes dramatically during primate adolescence. However, the extent to which testosterone and other gonadal hormones are necessary for adolescent social behavioral development is unknown. In this study, we determined that gonadectomy significantly impairs social dominance in naturalistic settings and changes reactions to social stimuli in experimental settings. Rhesus macaques were castrated (n = 6) or sham operated (n = 6) at age 2.4 years, group-housed for 2 years, and ethograms were collected weekly. During adolescence the gonadally intact monkeys displayed a decrease in subordinate behaviors and an increase in dominant behaviors, which ultimately related to a rise in social status and rank in the dominance hierarchy. We measured monkey’s reactions to emotional faces (fear, threat, neutral) of conspecifics of three ages (adult, peer, infant). Intact monkeys were faster to retrieve a treat in front of a threatening or infant face, while castrated monkeys did not show a differential response to different emotional faces or ages. No group difference in reaction to an innate fear-eliciting object (snake) was found. Approach and proximity responses to familiar versus unfamiliar conspecifics were tested, and intact monkeys spent more time proximal to a novel conspecific as compared to castrates who tended to spend more time with a familiar conspecific. No group differences in time spent with novel or familiar objects were found. Thus, gonadectomy resulted in the emergence of significantly different responses to social stimuli, but not non-social stimuli. Our work suggests that intact gonads, which are needed to produce adolescent increases in circulating testosterone, impact social behavior during adolescences in primates.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0402680101
发表时间：
2004-05-25
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Gogtay, N;Giedd, JN;Thompson, PM
通讯作者：
Thompson, PM
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
MINEKA, S;DAVIDSON, M;KEIR, R
通讯作者：
KEIR, R
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Fairbanks, LA;Jorgensen, MJ;Mann, JJ
通讯作者：
Mann, JJ
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
MAZUR, A
通讯作者：
MAZUR, A
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Granger, DA;Shirtcliff, EA;Hastings, P
通讯作者：
Hastings, P