The role of physics in multiomics and cancer evolution.

The role of physics in multiomics and cancer evolution.
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DOI:
10.3389/fonc.2023.1068053
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
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物理环境与肿瘤表型之间的复杂相互作用以及基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和表观基因组学对癌症的发生、进展和进化具有重要影响,这一点已被越来越多地认识到。例如,机械应力可以改变基因组维持和组蛋白修饰,从而影响转录和表观基因组。增加的硬度与遗传异质性有关,是造成异染色质积累的原因。因此,僵硬会导致基因表达的失调,破坏蛋白质组,并可能影响血管生成。几项研究表明,癌症的物理学原理可以影响多种癌症特征,如抵抗细胞死亡、血管生成和逃避免疫破坏。在这篇综述中,我们将解释癌症物理在癌症进化中的作用,并探讨如何使用多组学来阐明支撑它们的机制。
Complex interactions between the physical environment and phenotype of a tumour, and genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and epigenomics, are increasingly known to have a significant influence on cancer development, progression and evolution. For example, mechanical stress can alter both genome maintenance and histone modifications, which consequently affect transcription and the epigenome. Increased stiffness has been linked to genetic heterogeneity and is responsible for heterochromatin accumulations. Stiffness thereby leads to deregulation in gene expression, disrupts the proteome and can impact angiogenesis. Several studies have shown how the physics of cancer can influence diverse cancer hallmarks such as resistance to cell death, angiogenesis and evasion from immune destruction. In this review, we will explain the role that physics of cancer plays in cancer evolution and explore how multiomics are being used to elucidate the mechanisms underpinning them.
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