Medial prefrontal cortex and the temporal control of action.

Medial prefrontal cortex and the temporal control of action.
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DOI:
10.1016/bs.irn.2020.11.004
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Narayanan NS
Narayanan NS
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang Q;Weber MA;Narayanan NS

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在不同物种中,内侧前额叶皮层及时指导行动。这个过程可以使用行为范式来研究,例如简单的反应时间和间隔计时任务。动作的时间控制可能受到多巴胺和乙酰胆碱等前额叶神经递质的影响,并且与帕金森病、精神分裂症和注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)等人类疾病高度相关。我们回顾了跨物种的证据,内侧前额叶病变损害了行动的时间控制。然后,我们考虑人类、灵长类动物和啮齿动物的神经生理学相关性,这些相关性可能编码时间处理并与认知控制机制相关。这些数据为啮齿动物和人类的大脑刺激研究提供了信息,可以弥补时间缺陷。这一系列工作阐明了内侧前额叶皮层作用时间控制的基本机制,它是一系列高级认知处理的基础,可能有助于人类大脑疾病的新生物标志物和疗法。
Across species, the medial prefrontal cortex guides actions in time. This process can be studied using behavioral paradigms such as simple reaction-time and interval-timing tasks. Temporal control of action can be influenced by prefrontal neurotransmitters such as dopamine and acetylcholine and is highly relevant to human diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We review evidence that across species, medial prefrontal lesions impair the temporal control of action. We then consider neurophysiological correlates in humans, primates, and rodents that might encode temporal processing and relate to cognitive-control mechanisms. These data have informed brain-stimulation studies in rodents and humans that can compensate for timing deficits. This line of work illuminates basic mechanisms of temporal control of action in the medial prefrontal cortex, which underlies a range of high-level cognitive processing and could contribute to new biomarkers and therapies for human brain diseases.
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