Human mitochondrial DNA: roles of inherited and somatic mutations.

Human mitochondrial DNA: roles of inherited and somatic mutations.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrg3275
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发表时间:
2012-12
期刊:
Nature reviews. Genetics
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其他
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已知人类线粒体基因组的突变会导致一系列不同的疾病,其中大多数是母系遗传的,并且所有这些都与氧化能量代谢的缺陷有关。现在人们发现,线粒体 DNA (mtDNA) 的体细胞突变也与其他复杂特征有关,包括神经退行性疾病、衰老和癌症。在这里,我们讨论了线粒体 DNA 突变在多种疾病中的作用,强调了线粒体基因组有趣的遗传特征以及研究其对发病机制的贡献的挑战。
Mutations in the human mitochondrial genome are known to cause an array of diverse disorders, most of which are maternally inherited, and all of which are associated with defects in oxidative energy metabolism. It is now emerging that somatic mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are also linked to other complex traits, including neurodegenerative diseases, ageing and cancer. Here we discuss insights into the roles of mtDNA mutations in a wide variety of diseases, highlighting the interesting genetic characteristics of the mitochondrial genome and challenges in studying its contribution to pathogenesis.
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