Optimal policies for free recall.

Optimal policies for free recall.
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免费召回的最佳政策。

DOI:
10.1037/rev0000375
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Norman, Kenneth A.
Norman, Kenneth A.
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang, Qiong;Griffiths, Thomas L.;Norman, Kenneth A.

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相似文献

在自由回忆任务中,学习材料被回忆的顺序具有丰富的结构(霍华德和卡哈纳,2002 a)。人们已经做了大量的努力来理解产生这种结构的过程和表征;然而,仍然不清楚为什么某些类型的回忆组织首先会受到青睐。我们对自由回忆任务进行了理性分析,得出了记忆搜索的上下文维持和检索(CMR)模型描述的内部表征和过程下回忆项目的最佳策略(Polyn et al.,2009年a)。我们的模型,我们称之为理性CMR,表明自由回忆的最佳策略是从列表的开头开始,然后依次向前回忆,提供了一个理性的解释,通常在自由回忆中观察到的首位和向前不对称效应。此外,当召回不是从列表的开头开始时,在召回过渡期间最小化前向不对称的量是最佳的。理性模型的预测在人类行为数据中得到了证实:表现最好的人类参与者表现出更强的倾向,从列表的开头开始回忆并向前回忆,参与者的向前不对称程度取决于他们是从列表的开头还是结尾开始回忆。我们讨论了自由回忆中的最佳行为与应用记忆技术(如轨迹法)时参与者行为的相似性。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2023阿帕,保留所有权利)
There is rich structure in the order in which studied material is recalled in a free recall task (Howard & Kahana, 2002a). Extensive effort has been directed at understanding the processes and representations that give rise to this structure; however, it remains unclear why certain types of recall organization might be favored in the first place. We provide a rational analysis of the free recall task, deriving the optimal policy for recalling items under the internal representations and processes described by the context maintenance and retrieval (CMR) model of memory search (Polyn et al., 2009a). Our model, which we call rational-CMR, shows that the optimal policy for free recall is to start from the beginning of the list and then sequentially recall forwards, providing a rational account of the primacy and forward asymmetry effects typically observed in free recall. In addition, when recall is not initiated from the beginning of list, it is optimal during recall transitions to minimize the amount of forward asymmetry. Predictions from the rational model are confirmed in human behavioral data: Top-performing human participants demonstrate a stronger tendency to initiate recall from the beginning of the list and carry forward recalls, and the amount of forward asymmetry in participants depends on whether they start recall from the beginning or end of the list. We discuss the resemblance of optimal behavior in free recall to participants’ behavior when applying mnemonic techniques such as the method of loci.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
短期存储中的控制过程:立即回忆中的检索策略取决于要回忆的单词数量
DOI: --
发表时间: 2019
期刊: Memory & Cognition
影响因子: 2.4
作者:
G. Ward;L. Tan
通讯作者: L. Tan
DOI: 10.1037/a0014420
发表时间: 2009-01
影响因子: 5.4
作者:
Polyn, Sean M.;Norman, Kenneth A.;Kahana, Michael J.
通讯作者: Kahana, Michael J.
DOI: 10.1037/rev0000015
发表时间: 2016-01
影响因子: 5.4
作者:
Healey, M. Karl;Kahana, Michael J.
通讯作者: Kahana, Michael J.
DOI: 10.1037/h0048509
发表时间: 1955-01-01
影响因子: 5.4
作者:
ESTES, WK
通讯作者: ESTES, WK
自由回忆中的情境变异性和序列位置效应。
DOI: 10.1037//0278-7393.25.4.923
发表时间: 1999
期刊: Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子: --
作者:
Howard,MW;Kahana,MJ
通讯作者: Kahana,MJ