Infant neurodevelopmental outcomes of prenatal opioid exposure and polysubstance use.

Infant neurodevelopmental outcomes of prenatal opioid exposure and polysubstance use.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ntt.2021.107000
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发表时间:
2021-07
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Dozier M
Dozier M
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Labella MH;Eiden RD;Tabachnick AR;Sellers T;Dozier M

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产前阿片类药物暴露与不良出生结果和婴儿发育延迟有关。现有的文献是有限的一个简单的组差异的方法,以及不充分的控制社会人口因素和多种物质暴露与产前阿片类药物的使用。目前的研究评估了累积阿片类药物暴露(处方和非法阿片类药物使用的持续时间)作为婴儿出生结果和母亲报告的3个月和6个月大的发育状况的预测因子,控制了多种物质暴露。参与者主要是低收入的孕妇和围产期妇女,对接受阿片类药物使用障碍药物辅助治疗(MAT)的母亲进行过采样。母亲使用时间轴随访访谈报告了产前阿片类和非阿片类物质使用情况,随访访谈在妊娠晚期完成,并在出生后(婴儿年龄6个月)更新。发育评分在正常范围内。然而,总阿片类药物暴露与早产呈正相关,与母亲报告的特定领域的发育状况呈负相关。与三个月的精细运动技能和六个月的沟通技能的协会是强大的控制多物质暴露和社会人口协变量。结果表明,产前阿片类药物暴露对精细运动和沟通技能的早期发展具有独特的影响。处方和非法阿片类药物使用也获得了类似的发现,强调了MAT和未经治疗的物质使用的发育风险。探索性分析调查MAT的类型和时间,为未来的研究提出了方向。
Prenatal opioid exposure has been linked to adverse birth outcomes and delays in infant development. Existing literature is limited by a simple group-differences approach as well as inadequate controls for sociodemographic factors and polysubstance exposure co-occurring with prenatal opioid use. The current study assessed cumulative opioid exposure (duration of prescribed and illicit opioid use) as a predictor of infant birth outcomes and mother-reported developmental status at three and six months of age, controlling for polysubstance exposure. Participants were predominantly low-income pregnant and peripartum women, oversampled for mothers receiving medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder. Prenatal opioid and non-opioid substance use were reported by mothers using a Timeline Follow-Back Interview completed during the third trimester and updated postnatally (infant age six months). Developmental scores were in the normal range. However, total opioid exposure was positively related to premature birth and inversely related to mother-reported developmental status in specific domains. Associations with three-month fine motor skills and six-month communication skills were robust to controls for polysubstance exposure and sociodemographic covariates. Results suggest unique effects of prenatal opioid exposure on the early development of fine motor and communication skills. Similar findings were obtained for prescribed and illicit opioid use, underscoring developmental risks of both MAT and untreated substance use. Exploratory analyses investigating type and timing of MAT suggest directions for future research.
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