Genetic Diversity of a Heat Activated Channel-TRPV1 in Two Desert Gerbil Species with Different Heat Sensitivity.
Genetic Diversity of a Heat Activated Channel-TRPV1 in Two Desert Gerbil Species with Different Heat Sensitivity.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms24119123
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发表时间：
2023-05-23
影响因子：
5.6
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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热感觉和耐受性对于决定小型哺乳动物物种的生存和分布范围至关重要。作为跨膜蛋白的一员，瞬时受体电位vanniloid 1（TRPV1）参与热刺激的感觉和体温调节；然而，野生啮齿类动物的热敏感性与 TRPV1 之间的关联研究较少。在这里，我们根据温度偏好测试发现，与同域分布的正午沙鼠（M. meridianus）相比，生活在蒙古草原的啮齿动物蒙古沙鼠（Meriones unguiculatus）对热的敏感性减弱。为了解释这种表型差异，我们测量了两种沙鼠物种在下丘脑、棕色脂肪组织和肝脏中的 TRPV1 mRNA 表达，并且在两个物种之间没有检测到统计差异。然而，根据TRPV1基因的生物信息学分析，我们在这两个物种的两个TRPV1直向同源物上发现了两个单氨基酸突变。对两个 TRPV1 蛋白序列的进一步瑞士模型分析表明氨基酸突变位点的构象不同。此外，我们通过在大肠杆菌系统中异位表达 TRPV1 基因，证实了两个物种中 TRPV1 的单倍型多样性。总而言之，我们的研究结果补充了使用两种野生同源沙鼠的热敏感性差异与 TRPV1 功能分化之间关联的遗传线索，促进了对小型哺乳动物热敏感性 TRPV1 基因进化机制的理解。
Heat sensation and tolerance are crucial for determining species’ survival and distribution range of small mammals. As a member of the transmembrane proteins, transient receptor potential vanniloid 1 (TRPV1) is involved in the sensation and thermoregulation of heat stimuli; however, the associations between animal’s heat sensitivity and TRPV1 in wild rodents are less studied. Here, we found that Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus), a rodent species living in Mongolia grassland, showed an attenuated sensitivity to heat compared with sympatrically distributed mid-day gerbils (M. meridianus) based on a temperature preference test. To explain this phenotypical difference, we measured the TRPV1 mRNA expression of two gerbil species in the hypothalamus, brown adipose tissue, and liver, and no statistical difference was detected between two species. However, according to the bioinformatics analysis of TRPV1 gene, we identified two single amino acid mutations on two TRPV1 orthologs in these two species. Further Swiss-model analyses of two TRPV1 protein sequences indicated the disparate conformations at amino acid mutation sites. Additionally, we confirmed the haplotype diversity of TRPV1 in both species by expressing TRPV1 genes ectopicly in Escherichia coli system. Taken together, our findings supplemented genetic cues to the association between the discrepancy of heat sensitivity and the functional differentiation of TRPV1 using two wild congener gerbils, promoting the comprehension of the evolutionary mechanisms of the TRPV1 gene for heat sensitivity in small mammals.
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