Metalloproteases in gonad formation and ovulation.

Metalloproteases in gonad formation and ovulation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113924
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发表时间:
2021-12-01
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Zhu Y
Zhu Y
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhu Y

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在过去几十年的研究中,各种金属蛋白酶,包括基质金属蛋白酶(Mmp)、去整合素和金属蛋白酶(Adam)和具有血小板反应蛋白基序的去整合素和金属蛋白酶(Adamts),及其内源性抑制剂(金属蛋白酶的组织抑制剂,Timp)的表达或活化的变化已被证明对各种物种的排卵至关重要。这些金属蛋白酶中的一些如Adamts 1、Adamts 9、Mmp 2和Mmp 9也已被证明受促黄体生成素(LH)和/或促黄体生成素调节,这是所有脊椎动物物种中排卵的必要触发因素。这些金属蛋白酶中的大多数还广泛表达于各种组织和细胞,包括生殖细胞和体细胞性腺细胞。因此,金属蛋白酶可能在性腺形成过程中发挥作用,包括原始生殖细胞(PGC)迁移,生殖细胞和体细胞的发育,以及性别决定。然而,我们的知识,在这些过程中的脊椎动物的金属蛋白酶的功能和机制仍然缺乏。本文就金属蛋白酶在排卵和性腺形成中的作用,特别是PGC的迁移和生殖细胞的发育作一综述。
Changes in expression or activation of various metalloproteases including matrix metalloproteases (Mmp), a disintegrin and metalloprotease (Adam) and a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motif (Adamts), and their endogenous inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases, Timp), have been shown to be critical for ovulation in various species from studies in past decades. Some of these metalloproteases such as Adamts1, Adamts9, Mmp2, and Mmp9 have also been shown to be regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) and/or progestin, which are essential triggers for ovulation in all vertebrate species. Most of these metalloproteases also express broadly in various tissues and cells including germ cells and somatic gonad cells. Thus, metalloproteases likely play roles in gonad formation processes comprising primordial germ cell (PGC) migration, development of germ and somatic cells, and sex determination. However, our knowledge on the functions and mechanisms of metalloproteases in these processes in vertebrates is still lacking. This review will summarize our current knowledge on the metalloproteases in ovulation and gonad formation with emphasis on PGC migration and germ cell development.
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